Changes in locomotory behavior and cAMP produced in Ascaris suum by neuropeptides from Ascaris suum or Caenorhabditis elegans

Reinitz, Catharine A.; Herfel, Holly G.; Messinger, Lynn A.; Stretton, A. O. W.

doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(00)00317-0

Cited by 58 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Since raised levels of cAMP enhance the excitatory effect of FLP17A it would appear that at least a component of this excitation is modulated through a cAMP-dependent process. This is supported by earlier studies using A. suum body wall muscle which suggested that FLPs, including those identified in C. elegans, can alter the level of muscle cAMP (Reinitz et al 2000;Thompson et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Evidence for a role for cyclic AMP in modulating the action of 5-HT and an excitatory neuropeptide, FLP17A, in the pharyngeal muscle of Caenorhabditis elegans

2008

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The feeding activity of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is regulated by an anatomically well-defined network of 20 enteric neurones that employs small molecule and neuropeptidergic signalling. Two of the most potent excitatory agents are 5-HT and the neuropeptide FLP17A. Here we have examined the role of cAMP in modulating their excitatory actions by pharmacological manipulation of the level of cAMP. Application of the membrane permeable cAMP analogue, dibutyryl-cAMP (1 microM), enhanced the excitatory response to both FLP17A and 5-HT. Furthermore, the adenylyl cyclase activator, forskolin (50 nM), significantly enhanced the excitatory response to both FLP17A and 5-HT. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor, ibudilast (10 microM), enhanced the excitatory response to FLP17A. The protein kinase inhibitor, H-9 dihydrochloride (10 microM) significantly reduced the excitatory response to 5-HT. H-9 dihydrochloride also had a direct effect on pharyngeal activity. The effect of FLP17A and 5-HT on two mutants, egl-8 (loss-of-function phospholipase-Cbeta) and egl-30 (loss-of-function Galphaq) was also investigated. Both these mutants have a lower pharyngeal pumping rate than wild-type which has to be considered when interpreting the effects of these mutations on the excitatory responses to FLP17A and 5HT. However, even taking into consideration the lower basal activity of these mutants, it is clear that the percentage increase in pharyngeal pumping rate induced by FLP17A is greatly reduced in both mutants compared to wild-type. In the case of 5-HT, the effect of the mutant backgrounds on the response was less pronounced. Overall, the data support a role for cAMP in modulating the excitatory action of both FLP17A and 5-HT on C. elegans pharyngeal pumping and furthermore implicate an EGL-30 dependent pathway in the regulation of the response to FLP17A.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Evidence for a role for cyclic AMP in modulating the action of 5-HT and an excitatory neuropeptide, FLP17A, in the pharyngeal muscle of Caenorhabditis elegans

2008

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“…In A. suum , direct injection of synthetic FLPs into the body cavity elicits diverse behavioral responses including effects on body waveforms, body length, and paralysis (19, 96, 138, 139). Similarly, the normal locomotory behavior is severely disrupted when flp -coding genes are silenced by RNAi, as was shown for flp-14 and flp-32 in G. pallida (87, 140).…”

Section: Flp-mediated Modulation Of Nematode Physiology and Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The FMRFamide-Like Peptide Family in Nematodes

et al. 2014

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In the three decades since the FMRFamide peptide was isolated from the mollusk Macrocallista nimbosa, structurally similar peptides sharing a C-terminal RFamide motif have been identified across the animal kingdom. FMRFamide-like peptides (FLPs) represent the largest known family of neuropeptides in invertebrates. In the phylum Nematoda, at least 32 flp-genes are classified, making the FLP system of nematodes unusually complex. The diversity of the nematode FLP complement is most extensively mapped in Caenorhabditis elegans, where over 70 FLPs have been predicted. FLPs have shown to be expressed in the majority of the 302 C. elegans neurons including interneurons, sensory neurons, and motor neurons. The vast expression of FLPs is reflected in the broad functional repertoire of nematode FLP signaling, including neuroendocrine and neuromodulatory effects on locomotory activity, reproduction, feeding, and behavior. In contrast to the many identified nematode FLPs, only few peptides have been assigned a receptor and there is the need to clarify the pathway components and working mechanisms of the FLP signaling network. Here, we review the diversity, distribution, and functions of FLPs in nematodes.

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“…When AF2 was injected into whole worms, it caused a cessation of body waveform propagation; this was accompanied by a more than 100-fold increase in cAMP in muscle. 15 AF2 has also been shown to potentiate the response of nicotinic ACh receptors in A. suum . 53, 54 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Different Neuropeptides Are Expressed in Different Functional Subsets of Cholinergic Excitatory Motorneurons in the Nematode Ascaris suum

Konop

Knickelbine

Sygulla

et al. 2015

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Neuropeptides are known to have dramatic effects on neurons and synapses; however, despite extensive studies of the motorneurons in the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum, their peptide content had not yet been described. We determined the peptide content of single excitatory motorneurons by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. There are 2 subsets of ventral cord excitatory motorneurons, each with neuromuscular output either anterior or posterior to their cell body, mediating forward or backward locomotion, respectively. Strikingly, the two sets of neurons contain different neuropeptides, with AF9 and 6 novel peptides (As-NLP-21.1-6) in anterior projectors, and the 6 afp-1 peptides in addition to AF2 in posterior projectors. In situ hybridization confirmed the expression of these peptides, validating the integrity of the dissection technique. This work identifies new components of the functional behavioral circuit, as well as potential targets for anti-parasitic drug development.

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Changes in locomotory behavior and cAMP produced in Ascaris suum by neuropeptides from Ascaris suum or Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Evidence for a role for cyclic AMP in modulating the action of 5-HT and an excitatory neuropeptide, FLP17A, in the pharyngeal muscle of Caenorhabditis elegans

Evidence for a role for cyclic AMP in modulating the action of 5-HT and an excitatory neuropeptide, FLP17A, in the pharyngeal muscle of Caenorhabditis elegans

The FMRFamide-Like Peptide Family in Nematodes

Different Neuropeptides Are Expressed in Different Functional Subsets of Cholinergic Excitatory Motorneurons in the Nematode Ascaris suum

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