Changes in free radical generation and antioxidant capacity during ultramarathon foot race

Kp, Skenderi; Tsironi, Maria; Lazaropoulou, Christina; Ca, Anastasiou; Al, Matalas; Kanavaki, Ino; Thalmann, Markus; Goussetis, Evgenios; Papassotiriou, Ioannis; Gp, Chrousos

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01917.x

Cited by 52 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Exhaustive physical exercise is known to induce free radicals in vivo and lead to oxidative stress and inXammatory responses related to tissue damage and exhaustive exercise (Viña et al 2000a, b;Skenderi et al 2008;Suzuki et al 2002). Our results of macrophage accumulation in liver tissues revealed the inXammatory response with exhaustive exercise (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolomics investigation of exercise-modulated changes in metabolism in rat liver after exhaustive and endurance exercises

et al. 2009

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Exhaustive exercise and endurance exercise training modify the physiological status of the body differently. The present study aimed to evaluate the alteration in biochemical composition with exhaustive and endurance exercises in rats using metabolomics strategy. The metabolite profile of liver tissue was investigated on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Data further underwent partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to compare the effects on metabolites in sedentary control, exhaustively exercised and endurance trained rats. GC-MS detected 115 highly reproducible peaks in chromatograms from individual liver tissue extracts, and we identified 55 of them. The three groups showed significant differences in metabolic profile. Changes in liver metabolism involved metabolites such as amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, and carbohydrates. Endurance training elevated the greater rate of tricarboxylic acid cycle and antioxidant activity, and exhaustive exercise led to accumulated urea markers and an inflammation response in liver. In addition, GC-MS-based metabolomic analysis is a promising tool to investigate a pathological status with different exercise programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolomics investigation of exercise-modulated changes in metabolism in rat liver after exhaustive and endurance exercises

et al. 2009

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“…It was demonstrated that after running a marathon there was a reduction in TAC as well as increased DNA oxidation from human lymphocytes (Briviba et al 2005). Another interesting study pointed out improved TAC levels as well as DNA peroxidation in blood of athletes after an ultramarathon competition (Skenderi et al 2008). In this regard, overtraining hampers tissue and organ adaptations to exercise, resulting in rising of oxidative stress levels and reduction of the TAC, a fact that was confirmed later in study of protocols of military acute physical training (Taskanen et al 2010).…”

Section: Total Antioxidant Capacity In Exercise Physiology Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

Ferrari

2011

Frontiers in Life Science

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The objective of this article was to review the biochemical basis of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) test and its applications to exercise science and promotion of healthy aging. Measurement of TAC allows evaluation of the antioxidant content of muscle, heart and other exercise-target organs. Acute non-regular physical exercise and body exposition to higher altitude have been associated with a considerable decrease of blood TAC. However, regular practice of physical activity and exercise is associated with improved antioxidant response increasing TAC levels. TAC methodologies did not address lipophylic antioxidants and have some other limitations. However, TAC is useful as a complementary test for the evaluation of antiperoxidation assays and blood, erythrocyte and cytosolic antioxidant enzyme assays (glutathion reductase, glutathion peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase). Exercise induces both molecular antioxidant and hormetic responses which have been suggested to be linked with a healthy aging.

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“…However, it is not clear whether ultra-marathon runners also benefit from attenuation of biological aging, independent of reduction in measures of cardiovascular risk. Conversely, the exposure to ultra-endurance aerobic exercise was associated with increased oxidative stress [18] that is a well-known correlate of telomere attrition rate in cellular studies [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longer Leukocyte Telomeres Are Associated with Ultra-Endurance Exercise Independent of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

et al. 2013

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Telomere length is recognized as a marker of biological age, and shorter mean leukocyte telomere length is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It is unclear whether repeated exposure to ultra-endurance aerobic exercise is beneficial or detrimental in the long-term and whether it attenuates biological aging. We quantified 67 ultra-marathon runners’ and 56 apparently healthy males’ leukocyte telomere length (T/S ratio) using real-time quantitative PCR. The ultra-marathon runners had 11% longer telomeres (T/S ratio) than controls (ultra-marathon runners: T/S ratio = 3.5±0.68, controls: T/S ratio = 3.1±0.41; β = 0.40, SE = 0.10, P = 1.4×10−4) in age-adjusted analysis. The difference remained statistically significant after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (P = 2.2×10−4). The magnitude of this association translates into 16.2±0.26 years difference in biological age and approximately 324–648bp difference in leukocyte telomere length between ultra-marathon runners and healthy controls. Neither traditional cardiovascular risk factors nor markers of inflammation/adhesion molecules explained the difference in leukocyte telomere length between ultra-marathon runners and controls. Taken together these data suggest that regular engagement in ultra-endurance aerobic exercise attenuates cellular aging.

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Changes in free radical generation and antioxidant capacity during ultramarathon foot race

Abstract: Prolonged exercise induces a marked response of oxidative stress biomarkers, which in part is compensated by serum ability to scavenge free radicals. Whether these changes have long-term negative effects in the organism needs further investigation.

Cited by 52 publications

References 45 publications

Metabolomics investigation of exercise-modulated changes in metabolism in rat liver after exhaustive and endurance exercises

Metabolomics investigation of exercise-modulated changes in metabolism in rat liver after exhaustive and endurance exercises

Exercise modulation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC): towards a molecular signature of healthy aging

Longer Leukocyte Telomeres Are Associated with Ultra-Endurance Exercise Independent of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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