Changes in duration and frequency of stereotypies and their adjoining behaviours in heifers, before, during and after the grazing period

Redbo, I.

doi:10.1016/0168-1591(90)90087-t

Cited by 76 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The latter was a complex behaviour consisting of a notable repetitive sequence of one or a few of the following single behavioural patterns: licking, sniffing the empty bucket, or licking the feed trough. A similar behaviour, called feed searching, has been described by Redbo (1990) in tied-up heifers fed twice a day and was attributed to the restriction in movements and feeding. The behavioural data (expressed in seconds) were analysed by nonparametric analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis test; Siegel and Castellan, 1992).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many researchers (de Wilt, 1985;Broom, 1991) , studying the effects of housing on calves, have observed, for calves in stalls, the presence of oral stereotypies, such as tongue rolling (tongue playing), excessive chewing of the pen, and excessive grooming. Feed searching often adjoins stereotypies, especially after feeding time in heifers (Redbo, 1990), while often adjoins stereotypies before feeding time in sows (Rushen, 1985). In this study the presence of feed searching can be interpreted as a warning sign of the developement of oral stereotypies and therefore an indicator of poor welfare (Broom, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary study on the effect of size of individual stall on the behavioural and immune reactions of dairy calves

Ferrante¹,

Mattiello²,

Verga³

et al. 1998

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Ten Italian Friesian female calves were housed in individual stalls of two different dimensions (0.73 m x 1.21 mvs 1.00 m x 1.50 m) during the 1st month of life in order to evaluate the effect of space on the welfare of dairy calves. Behavioural observations were made on d 2 to 3 (period 1) and on d 28 to 29 (period 2) during daylight using a time-lapse video recording system. At 10, 20, and 30 d, blood samples were taken and analysed with phytohemagglutinin stimulation to determine lymphocyte proliferation. During the second period, the calves in large stall spent more time lying (P<0.05) and grooming (PO.001), and the calves in small stalls exhibited more time searching for feed (P<0.001). Lymphocyte proliferation was statistically lower in calves housed in smaller stalls (P<0.01). Moreover, lymphocyte proliferation was negatively correlated with time spent searching for feed (P<0.01).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study on the effect of size of individual stall on the behavioural and immune reactions of dairy calves

Ferrante¹,

Mattiello²,

Verga³

et al. 1998

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Personalo bservations with veal calf facilities suggest the hypothesis that in smaller farms there is aq uietere nvironment which is more favourable to the animals and whichd oesn ot particularly stimulate the arousal of this stereotypical behaviour.T he arousal of abnormal behaviour, such as stereotypies, is considered an indicatoro f poor welfare or of discomforts ituations (Metz & Wierenga, 1987). Redbo (1990Redbo ( , 1992Redbo ( , 1993 reports that tongue playing is af requentb ehaviour problem in tethered cows, especially at the beginning of the tethering period, and suggests that tethering may induce it in dairycows in response to the deprivation of normal feeding behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on housing, management and welfare of dairy cattle in tie-stalls in western Italian Alps

Mattiello¹,

Arduino²,

Tosi³

et al. 2005

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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In the Alps, the traditional breeding system for dairyc attle is based on the alternation between af ree-ranging period on mountain ranges during the summer, and an indoor period in tie-stalls in the winter. Severalwelfare issues mayarise in tiestall housing systems.W ed escribe the situation in 47 farmsi nt hree villages in westernI taly,t rying to identify possible relationships among structural and management characteristics, animal health and behaviour traits. Along duration of the grazing period, associated with frequent manure removal during the housing period, are probably key factorsf or limiting the occurrence of lameness. Te at trauma is more common in narrower stalls.G etting-up behaviour is unnatural in most of the visited farms. Some lack in the farmers' knowledge of animal behaviour was noted. Some structural and management characteristics are strictly related to geographical constraints. However, circumstances permitting,some expedients may be achieved for improving welfare levels.

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“…Stereotypies consist of a few simple movements that are repeated in the same way over and over again, although they seem to lack any function in the context in which they are performed. These so-called stereotypic behaviours consist of a repeated rolling of the tongue, bar-biting or biting and licking of stall equipment like tether chains or partitions (Redbo, 1990). Redbo and Nordblad (1997) stated that restricted feeding of roughage induces the development of stereotypies, so a high level of stereotypies, related with a lower or non-roughage intake, might indicate welfare problems (Broom and Fraser, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance, ruminal changes, behaviour and welfare of growing heifers fed a concentrate diet with or without barley straw

Faleiro

González

Blanch

et al. 2011

Animal

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Two experiments were conducted to ascertain the effects of feeding an all-concentrate diet to growing heifers on performance, ruminal fermentation, behaviour and welfare. In experiment 1, eight tethered rumen fistulated Holstein heifers (143 6 8.7 kg, initial BW) were used to study the effects of treatment on intake, ruminal changes and behaviour. In experiment 2, 48 Friesian female calves (initial BW 5 84.5 6 1.37 kg) were used to study the effects of treatment on performance, behaviour and welfare in feedlot conditions. In both experiments, treatments consisted of concentrate with barley straw (BS) or without barley straw (NBS) and feed was offered at 0830 h on an ad libitum basis. Experiment 1 was performed in four 42-day periods, and sampling was carried out in the last week of each period. Ruminal samples were collected over 3 days at 0, 4, 8 and 12 h post-feeding to measure pH, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH 3 -N concentrations. Maintenance behaviour was video-recorded for 24 h over three consecutive days of each experimental period and feed intake pattern was studied by means of feed bunks mounted on digital platform scales. There were no statistical differences in average daily gain (ADG), concentrate dry matter (DM) intake or CP intake. In contrast, NDF intake and ADF intake were greater in heifers fed BS than NBS. Average ruminal pH was lower, whereas total VFA was greater, in heifers fed NBS diet. There were no differences in NH 3 -N, and in D-and L-lactate concentrations. Time spent in ruminating was shorter, and stereotypies were more frequent in heifers fed diet NBS compared with those fed BS. In experiment 2, nine 28-day periods were established, in which DM intake and ADG were measured, blood and faecal samples were taken for haptoglobin and glucocorticoid metabolites determination, respectively, as welfare indicators, and behaviour was monitored by video recording. Concentrate intake was similar in both treatments, but total feed intake was greater in heifers fed BS diet. As there were no differences in ADG between treatments, gain efficiency was lower in those fed BS than those fed NBS. Blood haptoglobin and faecal glucocorticoids metabolites were not different between treatments. In these competitive conditions, rumination was also reduced and stereotypic behaviour increased by straw exclusion. In conclusion, performance was either not affected or improved by straw exclusion, but animal behaviour was affected, suggesting a negative effect on animal welfare.

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Changes in duration and frequency of stereotypies and their adjoining behaviours in heifers, before, during and after the grazing period

Cited by 76 publications

References 9 publications

Preliminary study on the effect of size of individual stall on the behavioural and immune reactions of dairy calves

Preliminary study on the effect of size of individual stall on the behavioural and immune reactions of dairy calves

Survey on housing, management and welfare of dairy cattle in tie-stalls in western Italian Alps

Performance, ruminal changes, behaviour and welfare of growing heifers fed a concentrate diet with or without barley straw

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