Changes in diabetes prevalence and corresponding risk factors - findings from 3- and 6-year follow-up of PURE Poland cohort study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the greatest challenges for public health worldwide. The aim of the study was the analysis of diabetes development in participants with normoglycemia and Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) in 3-year and 6-year follow-up of PURE Poland cohort study. Methods: The analysis was conducted in Polish cohort enrolled into Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study. The following study presents results of 1330 participants that have partaken both in the baseline study, in 3-year and in the 6-year follow up. The analysis of the impact of risk factors on diabetes development was performed using multivariate Cox frailty analysis. Population Attributable Risk (PAR) was computed individually for every risk factor. Results: Diabetes prevalence increased from 17.7% at baseline to 23.98% in 3-year-and 28.27% in 6-year follow-up. The risk of diabetes was higher in participants with obesity [HR = 5.7, 95%Cl 2,56-12,82], overweight [HR = 3.4, 95%Cl 1,56-7,54] and IFG [HR = 2.7, 95%Cl 1,87-3,85]. The risk of diabetes development was almost 2-fold higher in men than in women [HR = 1.826; 95%CI =1,24-2,69]. In 6 years, diabetes developed in 23.8% of participants with IFG and 7.9% of participants with normoglycemia. According to PAR, overweight and obesity accounted for 80.8%, hypertension for 67.6% and IFG for 38.3% of diabetes cases in our population. Conclusions: Our study reveals alarming increase in prevalence of diabetes during 6 years of observation. In our population, most diabetes cases can be attributed to overweight, obesity, hypertension and IFG. Findings add strong rationale to implement targeted preventive measures in population of high risk.

The Relationship Between the Metabolic Syndrome and the Place of Residence in the Local Community on the Example of the Janów Lubelski District in Eastern Poland: A Population-Based Study

“…Mitigating inequalities in the health condition of the inhabitants of Central and Eastern Europe, as with the example of the Janów Lubelski district analysed in our research, is an essential priority in advancing the goal of sustainable development for Poland and the European Union. 103 Given that the incidence of MetS has been increasing in recent years, 104 , 105 identifying a population at risk of MetS would be associated with a more effective screening policy and with prevention too (primary and secondary). Our research showed that people in rural areas were more likely to develop MetS.…”

Effect of chronic High Intensity Interval Training on glycosylated haemoglobin in people with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis

“…In Poland, 8% of the population suffers from diabetes and it is estimated that 25-30% of adults with diabetes are unaware of their health condition. the prediction shows that diabetes prevalence in Poland will be 11% by 2040 [2]. In the Costa Rican population, the same trend is observed.…”

Characteristic of FINDRISC Score and Association with Diabetes Development in 6-Year Follow-Up in PURE Poland Cohort Study

“…In our study, we have assessed the risk of diabetes development by calculating the FINDRISC score in baseline population without diabetes and compared those results with occurrence of diabetes after 6 years of observation. Although the FINDRISC score has been originally validated to assess the 10-year risk of diabetes development, 7 due to the high increase in diabetes prevalence in our cohort during 6 years of observation 12 we decided to check if the FINDRISC score was predictive of this outcome. Our results show that the FINDRISC score was significantly higher at the baseline in those who progressed to diabetes after 6 years, than in those who remained stable.…”

“…Although the FINDRISC score has been originally validated to assess the 10-year risk of development of diabetes, 7 it has been previously used in 7-year or 9-year assessments of diabetes risk. [9][10][11] The prevalence of diabetes increased rapidly over 6 years of observation of the PURE Poland cohort study, 12 hence the decision to check if the FINDRISC score assessed at the baseline predicted the diabetes development in this study period.…”