Changes in collateral channel filling immediately after controlled coronary artery occlusion by an angioplasty balloon in human subjects

Abstract

Transluminal coronary angioplasty can serve as a model for controlled coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion which enables assessment of short-term changes in collateral vessel filling in patients with severe atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. In 16 patients with isolated left anterior descending or right coronary artery disease (greater than or equal to 75% stenosis) and normal left ventricular function, collateral filling to the artery being dilated was visualized by contrast injection into the contralateral artery using a second arterial catheter. During balloon inflation, contralateral dye injection was performed as soon as the patient developed angina or ST-T changes or at 90 seconds in those patients without symptoms or signs of ischemia. Grades of collateral filling from the contralateral vessel were: 0 = none; 1 = filling of side branches of the artery to be dilated via collateral channels without visualization of the epicardial segment; 2 = partial filling of the epicardial segment via collateral channels; 3 = complete filling of the epicardial segment of the artery being dilated via collateral channels. At baseline angiography, nine patients had grade 0 collateral filling, seven had grade 1 and none had grade 2 or 3. During coronary occlusion by balloon inflation, collateral filling improved by one grade in eight patients, two grades in five patients, three grades in two patients and remained the same in one patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Optimal Medical Therapy for Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion With Well‐Developed Collaterals

“…Among these, a total of 647 patients who had at least 1 CTO lesion in the epicardial vessel and 2 or 3 Rentrop collateral grade flow14 confirmed by a diagnostic angiography were included in this study. Seven patients who received coronary artery bypass graft were excluded from the present study.…”

“…If a patient has CTO lesion in a small vessel (reference vessel diameter, ≤2.5 mm) or located on the side branch, the patient is excluded. The Rentrop collateral classification scale was used to grade the coronary collateral flow14: 0=no collateral filling, 1=filling of side branches without epicardial segment of recipient vessel; 2=partial filling of the recipient epicardial segment through collateral vessels; and 3=complete collateral filling of the epicardial vessel segment to be dilated. Grades 2 or 3 were defined as a well‐developed collateral flow.…”

Infarct Size Following Treatment With Second‐ Versus Third‐Generation P2Y 12 Antagonists in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Disease at ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the CvLPRIT Study

“…Collateral flow to the infarct‐related artery (IRA) before PPCI was graded using the Rentrop system 12. Quantitative coronary angiography was undertaken using QAngioXA v1.0 software (Medis).…”

Predictors of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in high-risk myocardial infarction patients treated with primary coronary intervention

“…11 Presence of collaterals was scored according to the Rentrop classification. 12 Infarct size was measured by peak levels of creatinine kinase (CK), CK-MB and troponin levels during the admission. Patient characteristics were recorded through the use of case record forms.…”