Change of Sm-Nd isotope composition during weathering of till

Öhlander, Björn; Ingri, Johan; Land, Magnus; Schöberg, Hans

doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00365-8

Cited by 66 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The LREEs were enriched in organic and sulphide fractions compared to the HREEs (Land et al, 1999). A related study of Podzol from the same region (Ohlander et al, 2000) likewise demonstrated great losses from the E-horizon and there were also losses of Sm and Nd from the B-horizon.…”

Section: Vertical Distribution Of Rees In Soil Profilesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In Podzols of cold-temperate regions, the eluvial (E)-horizon may be strongly depleted of REEs, and the loss of LREEs greater than of HREEs (Minarik et al, 1998;Ohlander et al, 2000;Tyler, 2004a). Experimental weathering/leaching sequences of granite soil at low pH may start with allanite, continue with apatite and end with feldspar dissolution (Harlavan and Erel, 2002).…”

Section: Weathering and Transformations Of Ree Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

2004

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The rare earth elements (REEs) form a chemically uniform group and include yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La) and the lanthanides cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu). Their average abundance in the Earth's crust range from 66 µg g −1 in Ce to 0.5 µg g −1 in Tm and 0.1 µg g −1 in Pm. Recent great improvements in more routine analytical technique, the use of REEs as fertilisers, at least in East Asian agriculture, and the importance of these elements as indicators in both pedological and physiological processes and reactions have contributed to an increased interest in these previously less considered elements in environmental sciences. This review of recent and current literature deals with REEs in primary and secondary soil minerals, concentrations in surface soils, factors influencing adsorption, solubility and transport in soils, including weathering and transformations of REE minerals, and vertical distribution in soil profiles. Reviewed and discussed are also concentrations, distribution and localisation of REEs in plants and plant organs, soil-plant relationships and interactions, effects on plant growth and crop production and their importance in plant physiology and biochemistry. The REEs are found, usually several elements together, as phosphates, carbonates and silicate minerals finely dispersed especially in magmatic and metamorphic rocks. REE concentrations in surface soils of humid climates, such as the A(E)-horizons of Podzols and Laterites, are usually lower than in the parent material, due to higher weathering and leaching rates than of the average soil constituents. Some fractionation may occur due to the formation of more element-specific secondary minerals. Transfer from soil to plant is usually low, but extreme accumulators are found, e.g., among several species of ferns. Roots have generally higher concentrations than shoots. Possible uptake mechanisms of REEs are discussed. Uptake is positively, though often weakly, correlated with soil acidity and easily soluble concentrations of the elements, but rarely well related to their total concentrations in the soil. Under certain conditions, low concentrations of at least some REEs seem to favour plant growth and productivity, but the physiological mechanisms are still not well understood. Some considerations concerning the boundary between essential and non-essential micro nutrients are discussed.

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Section: Vertical Distribution Of Rees In Soil Profilesmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Weathering and Transformations Of Ree Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

2004

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“…Variations within soil profiles are either attributed to dust inputs (Viers and Wasserburg, 2004;Ma et al, 2010) and/or the dissolution of accessory phases such as phosphate minerals or Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides (Goldstein and Jacobsen, 1987;Öhlander et al, 2000;Aubert et al, 2001;Babechuk et al, 2015). Additionally, εNd variations in ocean sediments are often interpreted in terms of changing source regions with the isotopic composition of individual source regions remaining constant though time.…”

Section: R S Hindshaw Et Al: the Sediments Of Two High Arctic Catcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay mineralogy, strontium and neodymium isotope ratios in the sediments of two High Arctic catchments (Svalbard)

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The identification of sediment sources to the ocean is a prerequisite to using marine sediment cores to extract information on past climate and ocean circulation. Sr and Nd isotopes are classical tools with which to trace source provenance. Despite considerable interest in the Arctic Ocean, the circum-Arctic source regions are poorly characterised in terms of their Sr and Nd isotopic compositions. In this study we present Sr and Nd isotope data from the Paleogene Central Basin sediments of Svalbard, including the first published data of stream suspended sediments from Svalbard.The stream suspended sediments exhibit considerable isotopic variation (εNd = −20.6 to −13.4; 87 Sr / 86 Sr = 0.73421 to 0.74704) which can be related to the depositional history of the sedimentary formations from which they are derived. In combination with analysis of the clay mineralogy of catchment rocks and sediments, we suggest that the Central Basin sedimentary rocks were derived from two sources. One source is Proterozoic sediments derived from Greenlandic basement rocks which are rich in illite and have high 87 Sr / 86 Sr and low εNd values. The second source is Carboniferous to Jurassic sediments derived from Siberian basalts which are rich in smectite and have low 87 Sr / 86 Sr and high εNd values. Due to a change in depositional conditions throughout the Paleogene (from deep sea to continental) the relative proportions of these two sources vary in the Central Basin formations. The modern stream suspended sediment isotopic composition is then controlled by modern processes, in particular glaciation, which determines the present-day exposure of the formations and therefore the relative contribution of each formation to the stream suspended sediment load. This study demonstrates that the Nd isotopic composition of stream suspended sediments exhibits seasonal variation, which likely mirrors longer-term hydrological changes, with implications for source provenance studies based on fixed endmembers through time.

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“…Stable and radiogenic isotopes 13 26 or weathering of till. 27 However, with osmium and lead, results are very promising. Analyses were done after the process, first on anodes (main carbon raw material in the electrolytic process), then at the GTC stack (point of emission of the electrolysis), and lastly in the surrounding environment (i.e., at field station 3A) (see Figure 3).…”

Section: Part 2: Speciation Of Pm 25 In the Surroundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM_2.5 Emissions from Aluminum Smelters: Coefficients and Environmental Impact

Boullemant

2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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From 2004 to 2009, aiming to better understand implications for its smelters, Rio Tinto Alcan conducted a detailed study of PM 2.5 and PM 10 (particulate matter [PM] Յ 2.5 and 10 m in aerodynamic diameter, respectively) in its facilities. This involved a two-level study: part 1, emission quantification; and part 2, assessment of aluminum smelter contribution to the surrounding environment. In the first part, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Other Test Method (OTM) OTM27 and OTM28 are assessed as relevant and efficient methods for measuring fine particle emissions from aluminum smelter stacks. Rio Tinto Alcan has also developed a safe and robust method called CYCLEX to measure PM 2.5 and condensable particulate matter (CPM) at the roof vents of potrooms. This work aims to determine the PM 2.5 emission coefficients of 17, 55, and 417 g⅐t Ϫ1 of aluminum produced (including CPM) in anode baking furnace exhaust (fume treatment center), at potroom scrubber stacks (gas treatment centers), and at potroom roof vents, respectively. Results indicate that roof vents are the primary PM 2.5 emitters (85% of all smelter emissions) and that 71% of all smelter PM 2.5 comes from CPM. In the second part, preliminary inorganic speciation studies are conducted by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and by isotopic ratios to track smelter emissions to their surrounding environment. This paper releases the first speciation results for an aluminum smelter, and the preliminary isotopic ratio study indicates a 3% impact in terms of PM 2.5 emissions for a representative smelter in an urban area.

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Change of Sm-Nd isotope composition during weathering of till

Cited by 66 publications

References 41 publications

Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

Clay mineralogy, strontium and neodymium isotope ratios in the sediments of two High Arctic catchments (Svalbard)

PM_2.5 Emissions from Aluminum Smelters: Coefficients and Environmental Impact

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Change of Sm-Nd isotope composition during weathering of till

Cited by 66 publications

References 41 publications

Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems - A review

Clay mineralogy, strontium and neodymium isotope ratios in the sediments of two High Arctic catchments (Svalbard)

PM2.5 Emissions from Aluminum Smelters: Coefficients and Environmental Impact

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Product

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PM_2.5 Emissions from Aluminum Smelters: Coefficients and Environmental Impact