Challenging the ‘BigG’ measurement with atoms and light

Abstract

The measurement of the Newtonian gravity constant G is a formidable task. Starting from the first determination made by Henry Cavendish in 1798, several attempts have been made in order to improve knowledge of its value. Nevertheless, despite these efforts, its uncertainty has decreased only by a factor of ten per century. Cold atom interferometry represents a conceptually different technique to challenge the G measurement, a feature that is crucial in order to identify discrepancies among previous measurements. In this review paper, after a short introduction on the traditional measurement techniques, I will describe and discuss past and ongoing G determination based on atom interferometry, highlighting for each of them the most significant aspects.

Proposal for measuring Newtonian constant of gravitation at an exceptional point in an optomechanical system

“…Gravitational force gradient perturbs the resonant frequencies of two membranes, resulting the shifts of the eigenfrequencies of the supermodes. Based on EP enhanced shifts, we can perform the measurement of G. Compared to traditional measurements methods [34,35] such as torsion balance, atom interferometry, etc., our method possesses two distinct characters. They are: a.…”

Exploring the foundations of the physical universe with space tests of the equivalence principle

“…-The comparison between macroscopic mass and quantum mass for an EP test; -Some tests of 'big G' measurement with atoms are described in [155]. In the advanced mission, the 3 macroscopic masses can delivered a gravitational signal at a particular frequency that could improve the noise signal ratio; -Gradiometry experiments can also be undertaken with the cold atoms helped by the macroscopic test-mass calibrated motion.…”

Implications and Applications of Fermi Scale Quantum Gravity

“…At the same time, it seems to lie in between HUST-AAF-2018 result of 6.67554 10 m kg sec .  See Table 1 for the historical results [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] of N G .…”

“…b) Inserting (22B) in relation(23), relation (22C) can be obtained. c) Relation (22d) can be inferred from relation(32). d) With further study, other possible relations for e G and other set of REFERENCE relations can also be developed (8).…”