Challenges in Lung Cancer Screening in Latin America

Raez, Luis E.; Nogueira, Augusto; Santos, Edgardo S.; Santos, Ricardo Sales dos; Franceschini, Juliana; Ron, David Arias; Block, Mark I.; Yamaguchi, Nagamassa; Rolfo, Christian

doi:10.1200/jgo.17.00040

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Inadequacy of anti‐tobacco programs was reported in LA . There are also differences in accessing diagnosis, therapy and particularly surgery across countries …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality predictions for 2019 in Latin America

Carioli

Bertuccio

Malvezzi

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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We estimated mortality figures for 2019 in seven Latin American countries, with focus on breast cancer. We retrieved cancer death certification and population data from the WHO and PAHO databases. We obtained mortality statistics for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico and Venezuela for 1970-2015. We predicted current death numbers and agestandardised (world population) mortality rates using joinpoint regression models. Total cancer mortality is predicted to decline in all countries and both sexes, except Argentinian women. Cuba had the highest all cancer rates for 2019, 136.9/100,000 men and 90.4 women, while Mexico showed the lowest ones, 63.8/100,000 men and 61.9 women. Stomach cancer showed favourable trends over the whole period, while colorectal cancer only recently. Lung cancer rates declined in men, while in women they decreased slightly over the most recent years, only. In Cuban women, lung cancer rates overtook breast cancer ones. Breast cancer showed overall favourable trends, but rates are rising in young women. Prostate and uterine cancer had favourable trends. Pancreas, ovary, bladder and leukaemias showed slightly decreasing trends. Between 1990 and 2019, mortality from all neoplasms is predicted to fall by about 18% in Argentina, 26% in Chile, 14% in Colombia, 17% in Mexico and 13% in Venezuela, corresponding to almost 0.5 million avoided cancer deaths. No decline was observed in Brazil and Cuba. Of concern, the persisting high rates of (cervix) uterus cancer, the high lung cancer rates in Cuba, the possible increases in breast cancer in young women, and the lack of overall declines in Brazil, Cuba and Venezuelan men. Materials and MethodsWe obtained official deaths certification data from the World Health Organization (WHO) database 10 for all cancers combined and for 10 major cancer types, i.e., stomach, colorectum, pancreas, lung, breast, uterus (cervix and corpus), ovary, prostate, bladder and leukaemias. We retrieved data for the period between 1970 and 2015 for LA countries with over Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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“…Inadequacy of anti‐tobacco programs was reported in LA . There are also differences in accessing diagnosis, therapy and particularly surgery across countries …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality predictions for 2019 in Latin America

Carioli

Bertuccio

Malvezzi

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Uptake of LDCT in high-income countries with the resources to implement population-based lung cancer screening is low (Li et al, 2018;Rai et al, 2019). In low and middle income countries challenged with establishing the necessary infrastructure to support LDCT lung cancer screening, training healthcare personnel, and developing referral algorithms, LDCT screening is practically non-existent (Pinsky, 2018;Raez et al, 2018;Shankar et al, 2019). Instead, tobacco control and prevention strategies used in smoking cessation programmes will likely be the most important interventions for decreasing lung cancer morbidity and mortality in developing countries at this time (Raez et al, 2018;Shankar et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes toward tobacco cessation and lung cancer screening in two South African communities

Hillyer

Mapanga

Jacobson

et al. 2020

Global Public Health

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Among men in South Africa, the prevalence of tobacco smoking is as high as 33%. Although smoking is responsible for most lung cancer in South Africa, occupational and environmental exposures contribute greatly to risk. We conducted a tobacco and lung cancer screening needs assessment and administered surveys to adults who smoked >100 cigarettes in their lifetime in Johannesburg (urban) and Kimberley (rural). We compared tobacco use, risk exposure, attitudes toward and knowledge of, and receptivity to cessation and screening, by site. Of 324 smokers, nearly 85% of current smokers had a <30 pack-year history of smoking; 58.7% had tried to stop smoking ≥1 time, and 78.9% wanted to quit. Kimberley smokers more often reported being advised by a healthcare provider to stop smoking (56.5% vs. 37.3%, p=0.001) than smokers in Johannesburg but smokers in Johannesburg were more willing to stop smoking if advised by their doctor (72.9% vs. 41.7%, p<0.001). Findings indicate that tobacco smokers in two geographic areas of South Africa are motivated to stop smoking but receive no healthcare support to do so. Developing high risk criteria for lung cancer screening and creating tobacco cessation infrastructure may reduce tobacco use and decrease lung cancer mortality in South Africa.

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“…Although evidence for the efficacy of LDCT screening in LMICs is growing, it is still scarce and indeterminate 40 . Furthermore, LCS has been placed under scrutiny in light of the potential harms, primarily including false-positive rates, incidental findings, diagnostic procedure complications and overdiagnosis 20 .…”

Section: Lcs In Lmicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The challenges of implementing low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries

Saul

Guerra²,

Saul

et al. 2020

Nat Cancer

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Lung cancer accounts for an alarming human and economic burden in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recent landmark trials from high-income countries (HICs) by demonstrating that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening effectively reduces lung cancer mortality have engendered enthusiasm for this approach. Here we examine the effectiveness and affordability of LDCT screening from the viewpoint of LMICs. We consider resource-restricted perspectives and discuss implementation challenges and strategies to enhance the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in LMICs.

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Challenges in Lung Cancer Screening in Latin America

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Cancer mortality predictions for 2019 in Latin America

Cancer mortality predictions for 2019 in Latin America

Attitudes toward tobacco cessation and lung cancer screening in two South African communities

The challenges of implementing low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries

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