Cessação de tabagismo em pacientes de um hospital universitário em Curitiba

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of smoking and the frequency of smoking cessation counseling among patients at a university hospital, as well as to compare smokers and former smokers in terms of smoking history. Methods:A cross-sectional study involving 629 patients at the Federal University of Paraná Hospital de Clínicas, located in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Results: Of the 629 patients, 206 (32.7%) were male, 76 (12.1%) were smokers, 179 (28.5%) were former smokers, and 374 (59.5%) were nonsmokers. The mean age of the patients was 49.9 ± 15.0 years (range, 18-84 years). Of the 76 smokers and 179 former smokers, 72 (94.7%) and 166 (92.7%), respectively, were questioned about tobacco use. Smoking history and degree of nicotine dependence were higher among the former smokers (p = 0.0292 and p = 0.0125, respectively). Gender, age at smoking initiation, physician inquiry about tobacco use, and smoking cessation counseling were comparable between the two groups. The smoking cessation rate was 0.70. The prevalence of heavy smoking varied by gender and by age bracket, being higher in males and in the 41-70 year age bracket. Conclusions: The smoking prevalence in this group of patients was lower than that reported for patients at another university hospital, for adults in Curitiba, and for adults in Brazil. The smoking cessation rate was higher in these patients than in the general population of Curitiba. Smokers and former smokers differed regarding age, smoking history, and degree of nicotine dependence. Heavy smoking and a moderate or high degree of nicotine dependence were not obstacles to smoking cessation. ResumoObjetivo: Determinar a prevalência de tabagismo e do aconselhamento para a cessação do tabagismo em um grupo de pacientes de um hospital universitário, assim como comparar a carga tabágica entre fumantes e ex-fumantes. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 629 pacientes do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, localizado em Curitiba. Resultados: Dos 629 pacientes, 206 (32,7%) eram do sexo masculino, 76 (12,1%) eram fumantes, 179 (28,5%) eram ex-fumantes, e 374 (59,5%) eram não fumantes. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 49,9 ± 15,0 anos (variação: 18-84 anos). Dos 76 fumantes e 179 ex-fumantes, 72 (94,7%) e 166 (92,7%), respectivamente, foram indagados sobre o hábito de fumar. A carga tabágica e o grau de dependência de nicotina foram maiores entre os ex-fumantes (p = 0,0292 e p = 0,0125, respectivamente). Gênero, idade ao início do tabagismo, questionamento médico sobre hábito de fumar e orientação para cessação do fumo foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. O índice de cessação de tabagismo foi de 0,70. A prevalência de fumo pesado variou entre os gêneros e as faixas etárias -maior entre os homens e na faixa etária de 41-70 anos. Conclusões: A prevalência de tabagismo neste grupo de pacientes foi menor do que a observada em pacientes de outro hospital universitário e na população adulta de Curitiba e do Brasil. O índice de cessação do tabagismo foi maior do que o da ...

Profile and motivation for smoking cessation in surgical inpatients

“…The prevalence of smoking identified in the present study (15%) was similar to that reported by investigations performed in other general hospitals in the country (4)(5)7,12) . The high number of participants who actively smoked at the time of admission may be attributable to the fact that most subjects in our sample of surgical patients had been admitted for elective procedures.…”

“…The sociodemographic and economic characteristics of the sample were similar to those described in other similar studies (4,5,7,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) . Patients were, on average, 54 years old, and had therefore reached an age at which the comorbidities associated with lifestyle factors often begin to appear.…”

“…Most smokers in the present sample had made previous attempts to quit, as is often found in similar studies in the literature (12,(14)(15) . Nicotine is an addictive substance, which further complicates the process of quitting, so that although many people may wish to stop smoking, few succeed without assistance.…”

“…Most participants in the present study started smoking in adolescence. According to the literature, individuals in this age group associate smoking with freedom and independence (5,(12)(13)17) . As such, it is important to address the issue of smoking in both child and adolescent populations, to prevent young people from taking up the habit and becoming smokers in adulthood.…”

“…Studies performed in similar samples have identifi ed low to very high levels of nicotine dependence in diff erent patient profi les (12,14,17) . The scale used in the present study is easily administered and can be used by health care workers to plan tobacco control interventions or to evaluate nicotine dependence in inpatient settings.…”