Cervical cancer screening utilization, and associated factors, in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shrestha, Aamod Dhoj; Andersen, Johanne Greibe; Gyawali, Bishal; Shrestha, Archana; Shrestha, Sadeep; Neupane, Dinesh; Ghimire, Sarita; Campbell, Christine; Kallestrup, Per

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.007

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A systematic review also revealed screening utilization by 16% only. 3 Problems HPV screening test is sporadically performed at tertiary facility level and limited by testing cost. This prompts to acquire a charity scheme for the availability and utilization.…”

Section: Public Sector Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination in Nepal

Baral

2023

South Asian J Cancer

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Section: Public Sector Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination in Nepal

Baral

2023

South Asian J Cancer

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“…In this study, cervical cancer screening utilization was considered to be the proportion of women who ever went for screening, while factors hindering or enabling women to go for cervical cancer screening were considered as barriers, and facilitators respectively [25]. The barriers and facilitators reported from the included studies were categorized according to an ecological model for health promotion investigating both individual and social environmental factors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases [26].…”

Section: Outcome Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical cancer screening uptake, associated barriers and facilitators: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Omolo

Tladi

Gabaitiri

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Botswana has a high burden of cervical cancer, mainly due to limited screening uptake and a high HIV prevalence. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore the barriers, facilitators, and cervical cancer screening uptake among women in the country. Methods: We identified relevant papers through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 01 January 2013 to 21 November 2022 using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selection, assessment, and data extraction process was conducted in duplicate by two researchers. We adopted a fixed effects model to pool evidence on the screening uptake. Results: A total of 673 studies were extracted from the four databases from which we remained with nine papers for systematic review, with a total sample size of 3398. The pooled proportion of screening uptake was 0.40 (95% CI; 0.33, 0.47). All selected studies reported on the facilitators while seven studies reported barriers to cervical cancer screening uptake on four levels (individual, institutional, community, and policy levels). Conclusions: The pooled proportion of cervical cancer screening uptake was 40%, which is low, considering the national target to screen 70% of eligible women. The most frequently reported barriers were the low level of knowledge and awareness, misconceptions about screening, and delays in receipt of screening results (in some cases no delivery of results). Reported facilitators included high socio-economic status, having health care insurance, and having a personal health care provider. This work will inform interventions for specific groups of women, which will ultimately reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Botswana.

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“…Nepal. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Shrestha et al, which included 17 studies from Nepal, reported that liquid-based cytology is not a screening method in Nepal (7). High-income countries witnessed the impact of cytologybased screening, which is the most successful screening technique for cancer prevention ever designed.…”

Section: Cytology-based Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though liquid-based cytology is available in the selected private laboratories, it is not a common technique used in the public sector in Nepal. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Shrestha et al, which included 17 studies from Nepal, reported that liquid-based cytology is not a screening method in Nepal ( 7 ).…”

Section: Screening Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within Nepal, Cervical cancer continues to be the leading cancer among women, with an annual incidence of 2,244 new cases and 1,493 deaths. Nepal has a cervical cancer incidence of 16.4 per 100,000 women, in contrast to the WHO's desired target of 4 per 100,000 women, nearly four times the target to eliminate the public health issue of cervical cancer (7). In Nepal, cervical cancer kills almost 11 women for every 100,000, even though cervical cancer is preventable with timetested screening strategies (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cervical cancer in Nepal: Current screening strategies and challenges

Narasimhamurthy

Kafle

2022

Front. Public Health

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Nepal has a high burden of cervical cancer primarily due to a limited screening program. Most present with advanced cervical disease. Despite no national cervical cancer control program, Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population has taken many initiatives with various international collaborations in screening, vaccination, and treating pre-invasive and invasive cancer. However, the existing prevention and treatment modalities are dismally inadequate to meet the targets of WHO's cervical cancer eliminative initiative by 2030. We provide an overview of the Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal's efforts to tackle the growing cervical cancer burden in the country. We discuss the challenges and potential solutions that could be practical and augment screening uptakes, such as single-dose vaccination and HPV DNA tests. The screen-and-treat approach on the same day could potentially address treatment delays and follow-up loss after testing positive. Our narrative summary highlights existing and innovative strategies, unmet needs, and collaborations required to achieve elimination across implementation contexts.

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Cervical cancer screening utilization, and associated factors, in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination in Nepal

Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination in Nepal

Cervical cancer screening uptake, associated barriers and facilitators: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cervical cancer in Nepal: Current screening strategies and challenges

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