2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.09.023
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Cervical and cervicomedullary spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain: Efficacy and outcomes

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Cited by 63 publications
(53 citation statements)
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“…They found their subjects to have 70–90% reduction in pain as measured by direct subject report of pain relief (at up to 9 months of follow‐up) on a 100‐point numeric rating scale (NRS) . More recently, the efficacy of retrograde paddles was evaluated for treating unilateral radicular symptoms . This study found pain reduction to be 56.6% on average, at a mean follow‐up of 4.2 years, as measured by the NRS for pain severity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…They found their subjects to have 70–90% reduction in pain as measured by direct subject report of pain relief (at up to 9 months of follow‐up) on a 100‐point numeric rating scale (NRS) . More recently, the efficacy of retrograde paddles was evaluated for treating unilateral radicular symptoms . This study found pain reduction to be 56.6% on average, at a mean follow‐up of 4.2 years, as measured by the NRS for pain severity.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Therefore this study focused on the use of EMG activity to predict midline. By stimulating the epidural leads, EMG activity is thought to be produced via direct current spread through CSF pathways to the ventral roots and respective musculature and through activation of dorsal root and dorsal column causing anterior horn neuron activation and ultimately indirect ventral root activation . In either mechanism, EMG studies are analyzed to determine midline and proper placement of the electrodes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…). A score was assigned based on the comparison: exact match, less than one column off, one column off, and (0) more than one column off or no intraoperative midline was able to be determined. A successful match was defined as a score of 3 or 2.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ten studies comprising 243 patients were identified (weighted mean age 58.9 years, 53.1% male) [13-22]. In 3 studies with available data, all patients were unsuccessfully treated with antiviral agents, epidural and/or nerve blocks and multiple pain medications including gabapentin, pregabalin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, antiepileptics and antidepressants [14, 16, 17].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%