Cerebrospinal Fluid Enzymes as a Function of Age

Action of Lysergide, Ephedrine, and Nimergoline on Brain Metabolizing Activity

“…The increase of cerebrospinal fluid enzymes during experimental cerebral injury in laboratory animals and in neurological diseases in man has been demonstrated (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). In experimental conditions of this study, this increase can be explained at least in five different ways: (a) damage to the cerebral tissue with liberation of intracellular enzymes which, in the CNS, primarily pass into the cerebrospinal fluid space, as occurs in some neurological conditions (31); (b) vascular disturbance, with an increase of enzyme levels in damaged vascular endothelium and of their transmitting function across the barrier (32); (c) an increase of the permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier so that the enzymes, normally confined in serum in higher levels than in cerebrospinal fluid (33)(34)(35), pass into this fluid from the blood (36,37); (d) a change in cerebral metabolic pathways with a decrease of metabolic activity of the ganglion cells accomplished both by an inverse proportional rise in enzyme concentration of astroglia and by accumulation of polysaccharides, mainly in the glial processes of astrocytes (3841); and (e) a change in sodium and potassium brain homeostasis, dependent on oxidative metabolism and related to the electric activity (11, 12,42,43).…”

Memory and Serum Ribonuclease Activity in the Aged*

“…Hain and Nutter (27) found a linear correlation between glutamic‐oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase activity and age in the cerebrospinal fluid. Sewell (28) found that both acid and alkaline phosphatase increased with age up to the age of about 55 years, and decreased thereafter.…”

Biochemical Impact of Carica Papaya (Pawpaw) leaves Extract and Ruzu Bitters on Hematology and Brain Histology in Sprague Dawley Rats

“…The following parameters were determined colorimetrically by employing the standard readyto-use kits and methods of Human (HUMAN Gesellschaft fǖr Biochemica und Diagnostica mbH, Germany): aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, urea, and amylase. The manufacturer's instructions for each biochemical parameter were strictly followed during the investigations, using the Randox kit [21,22].…”