Cerebral Infarction Caused by Dirofilaria immitis in Three Dogs

Kotani, Takao; Tomimura, T.; Ogura, Motohiro; Yoshida, Hirotaka; Mochizuki, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1292/jvms1939.37.379

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…58 This percentage is only slightly higher than that previously reported for histopathologically confirmed brain infarcts of unknown cause in dogs (39%). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Antemortem diagnostic investigations, such as angiographic studies of the vertebro-basilar and carotid system, lipid and hemostatic profiles, and post-mortem studies focusing on the suspected cerebral artery involved, are necessary to investigate potential etiologies for CVAs in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Most reports of strokes in dogs mainly describe individual dogs, and the true prevalence of strokes in this species is unknown. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Until recently, such reports have been limited to postmortem investigations of dogs that died or were euthanized as a result of the severity of their brain infarct or the suspected underlying cause for the infarction. To date, a total of 41 dogs with brain infarction have been reported in the veterinary literature with 39 confirmed histopathologically.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To date, a total of 41 dogs with brain infarction have been reported in the veterinary literature with 39 confirmed histopathologically. Suspected underlying causes were identified and histopathologically confirmed for 25 dogs and included septic thromboemboli (7 dogs), 18 atherosclerosis associated with primary hypothyroidism (5 dogs), 4,6,16 migrating parasite or parasitic emboli (Dirofilaria immitis) (4 dogs), 17 embolic metastatic tumor cells (4 dogs) and hyperadrenocorticism (2 dogs), 6 intravascular lymphoma (1 dog), 7 chronic kidney disease (1 dog), 6 and fibrocartilaginous embolism (1 dog). 19 No concurrent medical condition could be found in 14 reported dogs.…”

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Results of Diagnostic Investigations and Long-Term Outcome of 33 Dogs with Brain Infarction (2000-2004)

Garosi

McConnell

Platt

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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Medical records of 33 dogs presented for acute onset, nonprogressive, intracranial dysfunction that had a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of brain infarction were reviewed. Postmortem confirmation of brain infarction was available in 10 dogs. All dogs were evaluated by CBC, serum biochemistry, thyroid and adrenal testing, urinalysis, thoracic and abdominal imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Results of coagulation profile and arterial blood pressure were available in 32/33 and 28/33 dogs, respectively. On the basis of the imaging findings, infarcts were classified depending on their type (territorial or lacunar) and location within the brain (telencephalic, 10/33; thalamic/midbrain, 8/33; cerebellar, 15/33). No marked associations among location or type of infarct and patient age and sex, occurrence of systemic hypertension, and the presence or absence of a concurrent medical condition were identified. Small breed dogs (< or =15 kg) were significantly more likely to have territorial cerebellar infarcts, whereas large breed dogs (>15 kg) were significantly more likely to have lacunar thalamic or midbrain infarcts. A concurrent medical condition was detected in 18/33 dogs with brain infarcts, with chronic kidney disease (8/33) and hyperadrenocorticism (6/ 33) being most commonly encountered. Of 33 dogs, 10 were euthanized because of the severity and lack of improvement of their neurologic status or the severity of their concurrent medical condition. No association was identified between type or location of infarct and patient outcome. Dogs with concurrent medical conditions had significantly shorter survival times than those with no identifiable medical condition and were significantly more likely to suffer from recurrent neurologic signs because of subsequent infarcts.

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Results of Diagnostic Investigations and Long-Term Outcome of 33 Dogs with Brain Infarction (2000-2004)

Garosi

McConnell

Platt

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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“…Além das causas aqui reportadas, como tromboembolismo séptico associado à endocardite valvar e semilunar, êmbolo neoplásico de carcinoma mamário, septicemia, outros relatos de infartos cerebrais em cães incluem êmbolos de neoplasias primárias do tecido nervoso, êmbolos metastáticos de carcinoma neuroendócrino e carcinoma prostático (Joseph et al 1988, Kent et al 2001, êmbolos parasitários (Kotani et al 1975), fibrocartilaginosos (Axlund et al 2004) e de gordura (Müller et al 1994). Além de aterosclerose associada com hipotireoidismo, hiperadrenocorticismo, hiperliproteinemia ou hipercolesterolemima hereditária (Patterson et al 1985, Liu et al 1986, Joseph et al 1988, Hess et al 2003.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Doenças do sistema nervoso central em cães

et al. 2018

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RESUMO: São descritas doenças do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em cães diagnosticadas no sertão da Paraíba. Os registros de necropsia de 1.205 cães foram revisados. Em 354 casos (29,38%) foram registrados história clínica de alterações do sistema nervoso. Duzentos e noventa e seis casos tiveram diagnóstico definitivo e 58 foram inconclusivos. As doenças infecciosas foram observadas em 59,60% (211/354) de casos que representam a principal causa de distúrbios neurológicos; 53% dos casos (186/354) foram representadas por doenças virais; 3,11% (11/354) foram de etiologia parasitária, 2,54% (9/354) foram causadas por bactérias e 1,41% (5/354) por fungos. Os agentes físicos representaram a segunda causa mais importante de transtornos do SNC com 9,89% (35/354) e os tumores a terceira causa com 5,93% (21/354). Outras alterações pouco frequentes foram alterações metabólicas secundárias a insuficiência hepática ou renal, representando 2,54% (9/354). Casos raros de hidrocefalia congênita foram observados, 1,41% (5/354). Os casos de manifestações neurológicas associadas a alterações vasculares, degenerativas e inflamatórias não infecciosas, muitas das quais uma causa específica não foi estabelecida representaram 4,24% (15/354); Estavam dentro das seguintes categorias de doenças: Infartos isquêmicos e hemorrágicos (6/15), necrose vascular fibrinoide (5/15), doença do disco intervertebral (2/15), meningoencefalite granulomatosa (1/15) e granuloma de colesterol (1/15). Os distúrbios do sistema nervoso central representam uma importante causa de morte ou eutanásia em cães na região semiárida da Paraíba. Os sinais clínicos variaram de acordo com o agente envolvido, localização e distribuição das lesões. O conhecimento dos principais agentes que pode afetar o SNC canino é importante ao fazer uma lista de diagnóstico diferencial.

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“…They may be found in the cranial and caudal uenae cauae (7). Adult heartworms in the peripheral arterial system are unusual, although they have been reported in cerebral arteries (5,9,13,14,17), and in two dogs (10, 21) the abdominal aorta, iliac, femoral, popliteal, renal, and testicular arteries. Other aberrant locations have been reported (14,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%