Cerebellar and Prefrontal Cortical Alterations in PTSD: Structural and Functional Evidence

Holmes, Sophie; Scheinost, Dustin; DellaGioia, Nicole; Davis, Margaret T.; Matuskey, David; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Hampson, Michelle; Krystal, John H.; Esterlis, Irina

doi:10.1177/2470547018786390

Cited by 63 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Finally, accumulating evidence repeatedly demonstrates functional and structural abnormalities in the cerebellum of PTSD patients (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). Moreover, two recent studies have shown reduced functional nodal strength in the cerebellum in PTSD (19,40). In the current study, PTSD patients continued to show reduction in cerebellar connectivity posttreatment compared to controls (Fig.…”

Section: Figure 3 the Effects Of Psychotherapy On Executive Connectisupporting

confidence: 68%

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

Abdallah

Averill

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BACKGROUND:In soldiers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptom provocation was found to induce increased connectivity within the salience network, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr). However, it is unknown whether these GBCr disturbances would normalize following effective PTSD treatment.METHODS: 69 US Army soldiers with (n = 42) and without PTSD (n = 27) completed fMRI at rest and during symptom provocation using subject-specific script imagery. Then, participants with PTSD received 6 weeks (12 sessions) of group cognitive processing therapy (CPT) or present-centered therapy (PCT). At week 8, all participants repeated the fMRI scans. The primary analysis used a region-of-interest approach to determine the effect of treatment on salience GBCr. A secondary analysis was conducted to explore the pattern of GBCr alterations posttreatment in PTSD participants compared to controls. RESULTS:Over the treatment period, PCT significantly reduced salience GBCr (p = .02). Compared to controls, salience GBCr was high pretreatment (PCT, p = .01; CPT, p = .03) and normalized post-PCT (p = .53), but not post-CPT (p = .006). Whole-brain secondary analysis found high GBCr within the central executive network in PTSD participants compared to controls. Post hoc exploratory analyses showed significant increases in executive GBCr following CPT treatment (p = .01). CONCLUSION:The results support previous models relating CPT to central executive network and enhanced cognitive control while unraveling a previously unknown neurobiological mechanism of PCT treatment, demonstrating treatment-specific reduction in salience connectivity during trauma recollection.

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Section: Figure 3 the Effects Of Psychotherapy On Executive Connectisupporting

confidence: 68%

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

Abdallah

Averill

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…While the cerebellum has long been viewed as a unit of motor control, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the cerebellum, especially the neocerebellum (posterior lobe) that is mainly connected to the cerebral cortex, plays important roles in emotion and cognition (44). Recent work by Holmes and colleagues also found reduced nodal strength in the cerebellum of PTSD patients, as well as reduced volume and structural covariance (45). Other studies have also reported structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellum in PTSD (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51).…”

Section: Figure 4 Effect Of Symptom Provocation On Salience Global Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Abdallah¹,

Averill²,

Ramage

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: Better understanding of the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be critical to developing novel, effective therapeutics. Here, we conducted a data-driven investigation using a well-established, graphbased topological measure of nodal strength to determine the extent of functional dysconnectivity in a cohort of active duty US Army soldiers with PTSD compared to controls.METHODS: 102 participants with (n=50) or without PTSD (n=52) completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at rest and during symptom provocation using subject-specific script imagery. Vertex/voxel global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr), a measure of nodal strength, was calculated as the average of its functional connectivity with all other vertices/voxels in the brain gray matter. RESULTS:In contrast to during resting-state, where there were no group differences, we found a significantly higher GBCr, in PTSD participants compared to controls, in areas within the right hemisphere, including anterior insula, caudalventrolateral prefrontal, and rostral-ventrolateral parietal cortices. Overall, these clusters overlapped with the ventral and dorsal salience networks. Post hoc analysis showed increased GBCr in these salience clusters during symptom provocation compared to resting-state. In addition, resting-state GBCr in the salience clusters predicted GBCr during symptom provocation in PTSD participants but not in controls. CONCLUSION:In PTSD, increased connectivity within the salience network has been previously hypothesized, based primarily on seed-based connectivity findings. The current results strongly support this hypothesis using whole-brain network measure in a fully data-driven approach. It remains to be seen in future studies whether these identified salience disturbances would normalize following treatment.

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“…zaburzeniami postrzegania własnego ciała (Sakson-Obada 2009), ale też problemami kardiologicznymi (Remch i in. 2018), zmianami o charakterze neurologicznym (Holmes 2018).…”

Section: Kontekst Społecznyunclassified

Trauma a zdrowie psychiczne - Antoni Kępiński in memoriam

Cichocki¹,

Hat²,

Pragnący³

et al. 2018

ZPS

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The trauma and mental health-Antoni Kępiński in memoriam Th e article deals with the relationship between trauma experience and the area of mental health. Th e issues of possible consequences of trauma, its connections with selected psychopathological syndromes as well as possible mechanisms protecting mental health in the event of trauma are discussed. Particular emphasis was placed on the social determinants of trauma, both those favorable to its formation and those with protective eff ects. In the content of the article, an important place was devoted to the achievements of prof. Antoni Kępiński, precursor of research on trauma in Polish psychiatry.

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Cerebellar and Prefrontal Cortical Alterations in PTSD: Structural and Functional Evidence

Cited by 63 publications

References 58 publications

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

Reduced Salience and Enhanced Central Executive Connectivity Following PTSD Treatment

Salience Network Disruption in US Army Soldiers with PTSD

Trauma a zdrowie psychiczne - Antoni Kępiński in memoriam

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