Ceramics applications of clay in Lake Chad Basin, Central Africa

Temga, Jean Pierre; Mache, Jacques Richard; Madi, Achille Balo; Nguetnkam, Jean Pierre; Bitom, Dieudonné

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2019.02.003

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The fired samples M1, M2 and M3 with various clay mineral contents developed different LS, FS and WA values at the maximum firing temperature of 1100°C. These results are in agreement with recent work that reported that variations in the mineralogical compositions of starting materials mainly affected physical and mechanical properties (Semiz 2017; Bennour et al , 2018; Temga et al , 2019). First, the FS, which is >8%, is high for all of the fired clays.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…According to Abdelmalek et al (2017), the greatest linear firing shrinkage may be explained by the smectite content and the high PI value. When smectite is exposed to high temperatures, the layers are dehydrated and this affects the properties of ceramics, leading to undesirable shrinkage (Temga et al , 2019). Ultimately, a decrease in the WA and an increase in the FS was noted for all of the samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization, thermal behaviour and firing properties of clay materials from Cap Bon Basin, north-east Tunisia, for ceramic applications

et al. 2020

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This study focuses on the characterization, thermal behaviour and firing properties of clays from Cap Bon Basin, Tunisia. Chemical (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) and mineralogical (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy) characterization of the clays was carried out. Physical properties were identified using particle-size distribution and Atterberg limits tests. Differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetry, dilatometry, XRD and FTIR analyses were conducted to assess the thermal behaviour, transformations and crystalline phase development during firing. The clays studied show large proportions of silt and clay fractions. They are rich in SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 and mostly consist of illite, kaolinite, smectite and minor mixed-layer illite-smectite. Associated minerals are mainly quartz, calcite and feldspar. To monitor the firing properties, three clay mixtures referred to as M1, M2 and M3 were prepared according to the physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics of the raw clays. These were sintered at 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C and tested for firing shrinkage, flexural strength and water absorption. As a result, various mineralogical transformations occurred at 900–1100°C associated with the crystallization of new phases. The main transformations identified at >1000°C resulted in the formation of anorthite and mullite, causing significant densification of the fired ceramic materials. Sintering at 1100°C increased the densification and thus improved the flexural strength. At this temperature, the sintered ceramic tiles exhibited excellent properties, namely water absorption of 2–3% and flexural strength of 30–41 MPa, indicating that these studied clays might be used as raw materials for the production of stoneware tile ceramics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, thermal behaviour and firing properties of clay materials from Cap Bon Basin, north-east Tunisia, for ceramic applications

et al. 2020

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“…Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 11 mineral formation with resultant effect on technological properties [4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Therefore, for optimal exploitation of natural clays, the sintering behavior needs to be fully appraised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, final product quality has been correlated with mechanical strength and water absorption capacity and shrinkage limits (volume and linear), which, in turn, depends on the sintering temperature [3,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Sintering temperature is considered one of the most important processing variables that influences final product costs [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During sintering, the clay body undergoes chemical and structural modifications that deeply transform the inherent characteristics of raw ceramic material. This process is accompanied by differential phase transformation and neo-mineral formation with resultant effect on technological properties [4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Therefore, for optimal exploitation of natural clays, the sintering behavior needs to be fully appraised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Diko-Makia

Ligege

2020

Minerals

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This study evaluated the potential of raw clays from the Mukondeni region for structural ceramics and pottery based on traditional firing techniques. Physical properties were identified by particle size distribution, consistency limits, and clay activity. Mineralogical and chemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Extruded clay bodies were fired at 900 °C. Technological characteristics were measured by weight loss (WL), bulk density (BD), dry linear shrinkage (DLS), fired linear shrinkage (FLS), water absorption (WA), and flexural strength (FS). The clays were low in <2 µm fractions (≤19%) and of medium to high plasticity with a clayey silt texture. Smectite was the dominant clay mineral while quartz and feldspar were major non clay minerals. The most abundant oxides were SiO2 (63.57–68.73%), Al2O3 (13.9–15.61%), and Fe2O3 (4.86–6.18%), whereas K2O, CaO, MgO, Na2O, TiO2, and P2O5 were depleted. Characterization based on the clay workability chart, Winkler’s diagram, and compositional ternary diagrams revealed acceptable extrusion properties and suitability for structural ceramics and earthenware. The clays showed acceptable WL, BD, LS, and WA, but unsatisfactory FS (≤1.08 MPa). Low mechanical strength was attributed to presence of smectites and inert nature of feldspar at 900 °C. Beneficiation through mixing with carbonate-rich raw materials is recommended.

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Interaction between surface waters and the Quaternary shallow alluvial aquifer of Lake Maga downstream: influence of ponds, streams, irrigation canals, and geological features (Far North, Cameroon)

Iwoudam,

Kemgang,

Mvondo

et al. 2024

Geosci J

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Ceramics applications of clay in Lake Chad Basin, Central Africa

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Characterization, thermal behaviour and firing properties of clay materials from Cap Bon Basin, north-east Tunisia, for ceramic applications

Characterization, thermal behaviour and firing properties of clay materials from Cap Bon Basin, north-east Tunisia, for ceramic applications

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Interaction between surface waters and the Quaternary shallow alluvial aquifer of Lake Maga downstream: influence of ponds, streams, irrigation canals, and geological features (Far North, Cameroon)

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