Central-place Foraging in an Arctic Seabird Provides Evidence for Storer-Ashmole's Halo

Elliott, Kyle H.; Woo, Kerry J.; Gaston, Anthony J.; Benvenuti, Simone Messerotti; Dall’Antonia, Luigi; Davoren, Gail K.

doi:10.1525/auk.2009.08245

Cited by 129 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…However, for Scots pine and, to a lesser extent, downy birch, both important winter forage species, there was a resource depletion zone observed within 200 m of feeding stations (van Beest et al, 2010a) and no evidence of the expected landscape-scale decline in browsing pressure with increasing distance from feeding stations. This confirms concerns about range degradation close to feeding sites and corresponds with reports of resource depletion common around central places (Fryxell, 1992;Thrash and Derry, 1999;Elliott et al, 2009;Shrader et al, 2012). Furthermore, it suggests that diversionary feeding has been ineffective in reducing landscape-level browsing on pine.…”

Section: Browsing Impact and Distance To The Central Placesupporting

confidence: 85%

Long-term effects of supplementary feeding of moose on browsing impact at a landscape scale

Mathisen¹,

Milner²,

Beest

et al. 2014

Forest Ecology and Management

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Supplementary feeding of wildlife is a common management practice, increasingly used to reduce or divert herbivore impact from sensitive habitats, forestry or agriculture. The landscape-scale spatial distribution of herbivory in relation to supplementary or diversionary feeding stations is of particular relevance to wildlife and land management, yet has never been quantified. We considered multiple hypotheses, based on central-place foraging theory, to investigate how landscape-scale browsing impact changed as a function of distance from feeding stations and thereby test the effectiveness of diversionary feeding. We assessed the landscape-scale browsing impact of moose by quantifying browsing patterns and moose density in commercially-valuable young Scots pine stands in an area of south-east Norway with a long history of winter feeding. We also used positions from GPS-collared female moose to investigate the spatial distribution of individuals across the landscape. Moose density and browsing impact at a fine spatial scale (<1km) followed an exponential decrease with distance from diversionary feeding stations. However, at a landscape scale (1-10 km), browsing impact did not show any relationship with distance to feeding stations. Leader stem browsing on Scots pine trees was high at both the local (< 1 km; 68 ± 12 %) and landscape (1-10 km; 56 ± 7 %) scales. In addition, browsing on commercially valuable Norway spruce, which is normally avoided by moose, was locally high around feeding stations. As currently practiced, long-term diversionary feeding of moose was ineffective in diverting browsing impact from young pine stands at the landscape scale. Browsing on commercially-important tree species was sufficiently high that economic consequences could be expected. To avoid further conflict, we suggest a combination of reducing the moose density and increasing the availability of natural or more attractive supplementary forage.

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Section: Browsing Impact and Distance To The Central Placesupporting

confidence: 85%

Long-term effects of supplementary feeding of moose on browsing impact at a landscape scale

Mathisen¹,

Milner²,

Beest

et al. 2014

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Different prey fields require seabirds to alter search patterns and feeding techniques (Harding et al 2007). Different diving behavior by the gannets was associated with different prey types, as has been shown in other species such as rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome; Tremblay and Cherel 2000) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia; Elliott et al 2008). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…At colony level comparisons, intraspecific variability in seabird foraging behavior can reflect differences in colony size and location (Ashmole 1963;Furness and Birkhead 1984;Grémillet et al 2004). As colony size increases, so too can competition for resources, prey depletion, and intraspecific interference (Hunt et al 1986;Birt et al 1987;Elliott et al 2009). For example, Lewis et al (2001) showed that the foraging trip duration of northern gannets (Morus bassanus) increases with increasing colony size.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐annual changes in prey fields trigger different foraging tactics in a large marine predator

Garthe¹,

Montevecchi

Davoren

2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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We report on inter-annual comparisons of the foraging behavior of Global Positioning System-equipped chick-rearing northern gannets (Morus bassanus) in the western Atlantic during years with contrasting oceanographic and prey conditions. We hypothesized that the predators would modify their foraging tactics when small fishes (capelin [Mallotus villosus]) and large pelagic fishes (mackerel, saury) varied in inter-annual abundances. We predicted differences in (1) diving behavior, (2) spatial, and (3) temporal patterning of foraging behavior. Predictions 1 and 2 were supported, prediction 3 rejected. Dives were significantly deeper (4.3 6 0.4 vs. 2.7 6 0.3 m) and longer (10.1 6 1.0 vs. 5.0 6 0.2 s), and more U-shaped dives (dives where birds stayed at more or less one depth) were performed (52% 6 7% vs. 7% 6 2%) in the year with higher abundance of forage fishes. Flight patterns exhibited remarkable spatial and geographic differences: gannets flew significantly (17%) more and foraging ranges were about twice as long when they pursued large pelagic fishes (mean 5 122 6 81 km vs. 62 6 12 km). The 95% kernel feeding range was 34 times larger when large pelagic fishes were available. Yet foraging trip durations were not different between years. Inter-annual variation in foraging tactics by the same species at the same colony in successive years was strongly related to prey availability, showing that spatial foraging parameters can be determined largely by ocean and prey conditions.

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“…This strategy was reflected in the concentrated foraging behaviour displayed by individuals at distances > 5 km from the colony, and by the significant effect of distance from colony identified in the GLMM. Commuting strategies are common among seabirds while breeding and may result from behaviour that bypasses a zone of prey depletion that exists around large seabird colonies ('Ashmole's halo') to access denser and more energetically profitable prey aggregations at greater distances (Ashmole 1963, Birt et al 1987, Weimerskirch et al 2005, Gaston et al 2007, Elliott et al 2009). …”

Section: Foraging Behaviour and Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging behaviour and habitat use of a short-ranging seabird, the crested tern

McLeay¹,

Page²,

Goldsworthy³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We used satellite tracking technology on the crested tern Sterna bergii, a seabird weighing < 400 g. GPS units weighing < 22 g were deployed on adult terns brooding young chicks. Individuals typically commuted to foraging grounds < 40 km from the colony where their travel speeds slowed to ≤10 km h -1 , presumably as prey encounter rates increased. Individuals undertook trips up to 4 h 17 min in length and 118 km in distance, and trip duration was positively correlated with the maximum distance and total distance traveled. Foraging behaviour, examined in relation to habitat characteristics (benthic habitat type, depth, sea surface temperature [SST], chlorophyll a [chl a]), was typically associated with warm (19 to 21°C), shallow (< 20 m depth) waters that were relatively high in chl a (> 0.5 mg m -3). The most well-supported model (generalised linear mixed model) of foraging behaviour indicated a positive relationship between time spent at sea, distance travelled and chl a, suggesting individuals spent relatively more time foraging at greater distances from the colony in zones of higher primary production. The timing and location of crested tern breeding may be linked to the 2-fold increase in primary production near Troubridge Island over the austral summer. Individual differences in the length (distance and duration) of foraging trips may reflect either prior knowledge of where prey aggregations exist, distinctions in individual niche use driven by the types or sizes of prey available, and/or alternate behavioural states (self feeding and provisioning). The restricted foraging range of crested terns while breeding may make them sensitive to competition with fisheries that operate within their foraging range. KEY WORDS: Bio-logging · Foraging ecology · Seabird · GPS · Habitat partitioning · Sterna bergii Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 411: [271][272][273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283] 2010 The linkage between habitat use and the foraging behaviour of large seabirds (> 400 g) has received particular attention in recent years due to the development of animal-borne telemetry devices and remote sensing techniques (Guinet et al. 1997, Suryan et al. 2006, Pinaud & Weimerskirch 2007. These studies have indicated that seabird foraging responses vary between species and populations due to local biophysical conditions that enhance productivity and prey availability. Foraging behaviour also differs between individuals as a product of foraging-site fidelity and breeding phenology. Individuals that best modify their foraging behaviour in response to existing prey conditions may be conferred a selective advantage through increased breeding success (Lea et al. 2002). Consequently, the foraging behaviour of individuals may vary within one general 'mode' of behaviour. Characterising the different foraging tactics exhibited by conspecifics may provide insights into the factors that shape the evolution of foraging behaviour and life h...

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Central-place Foraging in an Arctic Seabird Provides Evidence for Storer-Ashmole's Halo

Cited by 129 publications

References 125 publications

Long-term effects of supplementary feeding of moose on browsing impact at a landscape scale

Long-term effects of supplementary feeding of moose on browsing impact at a landscape scale

Inter‐annual changes in prey fields trigger different foraging tactics in a large marine predator

Foraging behaviour and habitat use of a short-ranging seabird, the crested tern

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