Central Neurogenic Hyperventilation

Abstract

Background: Central neurogenic hyperventilation is a rare condition with poorly understood pathophysiology. Objective: To describe a patient with central neurogenic hyperventilation caused by an infiltrative brainstem lymphoma. Conclusion: Based on analysis of this patient and other case reports, we propose that central neurogenic hyperventilation is uniquely the result of infiltrative tumors that stimulate pontine respiratory centers and central chemoreceptors.

Spontaneous Hyperventilation Is Common in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage, and Its Severity Is Associated with Outcome

“…SHV was first identified in patients with acute brain stem disease [13]. Most reports of central hyperventilation refer to accounts of extreme hypocapnia in alert patients with brain tumors [10,11]. Hyperventilation is also a common manifestation of paroxysmal dysautonomia, a syndrome that also involves hypertension, tachycardia, fever, and dystonic posturing [26].…”

Spontaneous Hyperventilation Is Common in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage, and Its Severity Is Associated with Outcome

“…SHV was first identified in patients with acute brain stem disease [13]. Most reports of central hyperventilation refer to accounts of extreme hypocapnia in alert patients with brain tumors [10,11]. Hyperventilation is also a common manifestation of paroxysmal dysautonomia, a syndrome that also involves hypertension, tachycardia, fever, and dystonic posturing [26].…”

Levofloxacin-associated Encephalopathy with Severe Hyperventilation

“…Hyperventilation persisted for approximately 36 hours with respiratory alkalosis, with the pH increasing to 7.82 on blood gas examinations. The major cause of central neurogenic hyperventilation is infiltrative tumors involving the brainstem (20). However, there are a few cases of hyperventilation caused by anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (21, 22).…”

Complete remission of critical neurohistiocytosis by vemurafenib

“…Neurogenic hyperventilation itself is a rare condition and is usually found in diffuse lesions of the pons and medulla oblongata, although association with cerebellar peduncle lesions has been described. 11 , 12 …”

Spontaneous Hyperventilation Is Common in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage, and Its Severity Is Associated with Outcome

“…SHV was first identified in patients with acute brain stem disease [13]. Most reports of central hyperventilation refer to accounts of extreme hypocapnia in alert patients with brain tumors [10,11]. Hyperventilation is also a common manifestation of paroxysmal dysautonomia, a syndrome that also involves hypertension, tachycardia, fever, and dystonic posturing [26].…”

Levofloxacin-associated Encephalopathy with Severe Hyperventilation

“…Hyperventilation persisted for approximately 36 hours with respiratory alkalosis, with the pH increasing to 7.82 on blood gas examinations. The major cause of central neurogenic hyperventilation is infiltrative tumors involving the brainstem (20). However, there are a few cases of hyperventilation caused by anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (21, 22).…”

Complete remission of critical neurohistiocytosis by vemurafenib

“…Neurogenic hyperventilation itself is a rare condition and is usually found in diffuse lesions of the pons and medulla oblongata, although association with cerebellar peduncle lesions has been described. 11 , 12 …”

Spontaneous Hyperventilation Is Common in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage, and Its Severity Is Associated with Outcome

“…SHV was first identified in patients with acute brain stem disease [13]. Most reports of central hyperventilation refer to accounts of extreme hypocapnia in alert patients with brain tumors [10,11]. Hyperventilation is also a common manifestation of paroxysmal dysautonomia, a syndrome that also involves hypertension, tachycardia, fever, and dystonic posturing [26].…”

Levofloxacin-associated Encephalopathy with Severe Hyperventilation

“…Hyperventilation persisted for approximately 36 hours with respiratory alkalosis, with the pH increasing to 7.82 on blood gas examinations. The major cause of central neurogenic hyperventilation is infiltrative tumors involving the brainstem (20). However, there are a few cases of hyperventilation caused by anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (21, 22).…”

Complete remission of critical neurohistiocytosis by vemurafenib

“…Neurogenic hyperventilation itself is a rare condition and is usually found in diffuse lesions of the pons and medulla oblongata, although association with cerebellar peduncle lesions has been described. 11 , 12 …”