Central galanin stimulates pituitary prolactin secretion in rats: Possible involvement of hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide

Koshiyama, Hiroyuki; Kato, Yuzuru; Inoue, Tatsuhide; Murakami, Yoshio; Ishikawa, Yasuhiro; Yanaihara, Noboru; Imura, Hiroo

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(87)90073-5

Cited by 125 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The finding of high Gal concentrations in the hypothalamus and median eminence (2, 3) raised the hypothesis of its possible role in the control of anterior pituitary hormone secretion, and in fact Gal has been shown to stimulate GH release when injected systemically (6) or intracerebroventricularly (4) in the rat and intravenously in normal adult men (7)(8)(9). It has also been shown to stimulate prolactin secretion in the rat (14), a finding which was not replicated in normal men (7) nor in the children of this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Galanin on Growth Hormone Secretion in Children of Normal and Short Stature1

et al. 1989

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Galanin on Growth Hormone Secretion in Children of Normal and Short Stature1

et al. 1989

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“…This peptide seems also to be involved in the osmoregulatory response to water-restriction [2,3]. Galanin exerts neuroendocrine effects by modulating the release of gonadotropins [4], prolactin [5], growth hormone [6] and somatostatin [7]. These regulatory actions of galanin are further supported by many reports that show galaninergic innervation of hypophyseal secretory cells in several vertebrate groups including mammals [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The galanin could allow the release of the prolactin necessary to corpus luteum activity. Indeed, the stimulatory effect of galanin on the secretion of prolactin was shown in rat [5]. The overexpression of galanin in these parts during the eggs retention can exert a positive feedback effect of estradiol since in rat estradiol stimulated the galanin expression [49].…”

Section: Mediobasal Hypothalamusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Galanin immunoreactivity in the brain of the desert lizard Uromastyx acanthinura during activity season

Hammouche

Bennis

2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:The distribution of galanin immunoreactive perikarya and nerve fibers in the brain of the desert lizard U. acanthinura was studied by means of immunofluorescence using an antiserum against rabbit galanin. The animals were captured during the activity season in March (wet season) just before reproduction period and in June (arid season) after ovulation period. Immunoreactive neurons were mostly detected in the mediobasal and the infundibular recess nuclei, the nucleus of the paraventricular organ, the paraventricular organ, the periventricular nucleus and in the anterior hypothalamus at the level of the periventricular nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus and the supraoptic nucleus. The differences in brain galanin expression between animals collected under both sets of environmental conditions indicated changes which occur during the annual and reproductive cycles. The wide hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic distribution of galanin immunoreactive fibers suggests that this peptide may have hypophysiotropic, neuromodulator and neurotransmitter roles in the lizard U.

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“…Galanin, another neuropeptide shown to elevate plasma concentrations of PRL, appears to increase the secretion ofVIP and decrease the release of dopamine, simultaneously (34,44,60).…”

Section: Regulation Of Prolactin Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Gland: Neuropeptides, Neurotransmitters and Growth Factors

Koenig

1989

Toxicol Pathol

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ABSTIZACXThe hypothalamus receives neuronal afferents from numerous sources including inputs from limbic structures, such as the amygdala and hippocampus, and from brainstem regions involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and other autonomic functions. These afferents using a vast array of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides influence the activity of the hypothalamic neurons which synthesize and secrete the hypothalamic releasing and release-inhibiting factors into the hypophyseal portal circulatory system. The afferents can modulate the activity of the hypothalamic neurons by forming synapses on the neuronal cell body, on the nerve terminals in the median eminence or both. The chemicals most frequently used as neurotransmitters are the biogenic amines, including the catecholamines (norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine), serotonin, acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The stirnulatory influence of norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine on the secretion of corticotropin (ACTH) in rodents and man will be discussed, whereas GABA exerts an inhibitory effect on the secretion of ACTH in both man and rodents. These effects appear to be mediated by changes in the secretion of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin into the hypophyseal portal circulation. Numerous neuropeptides appear to alter the secretion of ACTH in the rat. We will discuss the stirnulatory actions of neuropeptide Y (NPY), angiotensin 11, and peptides of immune cell origin on the secretion of ACTH and CRH. The opioid peptides inhibit the secretion of CRH into the portal blood, however, they exert a potent stirnulatory effect on prolactin secretion in the rat and man. We will discuss the receptor subtypes involved in mediating these effects and the interactions of the opioid peptides with the neurotransmitter-containing neurons which project to the hypothalamus. This discussion will focus on the factors which impinge on the releasing factor-containingneurons in the hypothalamus and how they can be studied under in viso and in vitro conditions.

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Central galanin stimulates pituitary prolactin secretion in rats: Possible involvement of hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide

Cited by 125 publications

References 15 publications

The Effects of Galanin on Growth Hormone Secretion in Children of Normal and Short Stature1

The Effects of Galanin on Growth Hormone Secretion in Children of Normal and Short Stature1

Galanin immunoreactivity in the brain of the desert lizard Uromastyx acanthinura during activity season

Pituitary Gland: Neuropeptides, Neurotransmitters and Growth Factors

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