Cellulose Synthase-Like
            <i>CslF</i>
            Genes Mediate the Synthesis of Cell Wall (1,3;1,4)-ß-
            <scp>d</scp>
            -Glucans

Burton, Rachel A.; Wilson, Sarah M.; Hrmová, Mária; Harvey, Andrew J.; Shirley, Neil J.; Medhurst, Anne; Stone, Bruce; Newbigin, Ed; Bacic, Antony; Fincher, Geoffrey B.

doi:10.1126/science.1122975

Cited by 411 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Though our test does not pass multiple testing as it was designed only for single sequence tests, it does satisfy greater thresholds of 519 and 3.1 9 10 -17 for hit score and E value, respectively, which we believe is of high value. The CslF gene family was previously shown in rice (Burton et al 2006) and barley (Burton et al 2008) to have b-glucan synthase function. To date, b-glucan QTL have not been identified in oat within proximity to the CslF gene family based on comparative genomics methods using information from the other grass species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study for oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin

et al. 2012

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Detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling complex traits followed by selection has become a common approach for selection in crop plants. The QTL are most often identified by linkage mapping using experimental F2, backcross, advanced inbred, or doubled haploid families. An alternative approach for QTL detection are genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that use pre-existing lines such as those found in breeding programs. We explored the implementation of GWAS in oat (Avena sativa L.) to identify QTL affecting β-glucan concentration, a soluble dietary fiber with several human health benefits when consumed as a whole grain. A total of 431 lines of worldwide origin were tested over 2 years and genotyped using Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers. A mixed model approach was used where both population structure fixed effects and pair-wise kinship random effects were included. Various mixed models that differed with respect to population structure and kinship were tested for their ability to control for false positives. As expected, given the level of population structure previously described in oat, population structure did not play a large role in controlling for false positives. Three independent markers were significantly associated with β-glucan concentration. Significant marker sequences were compared with rice and one of the three showed sequence homology to genes localized on rice chromosome seven adjacent to the CslFgene family, known to have β-glucan synthase function. Results indicate that GWAS in oat can be a successful option for QTL detection, more so with future development of higher-density markers. Abstract Detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling complex traits followed by selection has become a common approach for selection in crop plants. The QTL are most often identified by linkage mapping using experimental F 2 , backcross, advanced inbred, or doubled haploid families. An alternative approach for QTL detection are genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that use pre-existing lines such as those found in breeding programs. We explored the implementation of GWAS in oat (Avena sativa L.) to identify QTL affecting b-glucan concentration, a soluble dietary fiber with several human health benefits when consumed as a whole grain. A total of 431 lines of worldwide origin were tested over 2 years and genotyped using Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers. A mixed model approach was used where both population structure fixed effects and pair-wise kinship random effects were included. Various mixed models that differed with respect to population structure and kinship were tested for their ability to control for false positives. As expected, given the level of population structure previously described in oat, population structure did not play a large role in controlling for false positives. Three independent markers were significantly associated with b-glucan concentration. Significant marker sequences were compared with rice and one of the three showed sequence hom...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study for oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin

et al. 2012

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“…Because of the structural similarity between the ␤-linked glycan chains of matrix polysaccharides and the ␤-linked glucan chains of cellulose, the cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes have been suggested as likely candidates for encoding the Golgi-localized glycan synthases involved in matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis (9), including the GS required for XyG biosynthesis. Recent progress has confirmed that some glycan synthase activities have been found among the CSL proteins (10)(11)(12).…”

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confidence: 89%

A gene from the cellulose synthase-like C family encodes a β-1,4 glucan synthase

Cocuron

Lerouxel

Drakakaki

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

285

255

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Despite the central role of xyloglucan (XyG) in plant cell wall structure and function, important details of its biosynthesis are not understood. To identify the gene(s) responsible for synthesizing the ␤-1,4 glucan backbone of XyG, we exploited a property of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) seed development. During the last stages of nasturtium seed maturation, a large amount of XyG is deposited as a reserve polysaccharide. A cDNA library was produced from mRNA isolated during the deposition of XyG, and partial sequences of 10,000 cDNA clones were determined. A single member of the C subfamily from the large family of cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes was found to be overrepresented in the cDNA library. Heterologous expression of this gene in the yeast Pichia pastoris resulted in the production of a ␤-1,4 glucan, confirming that the CSLC protein has glucan synthase activity. The Arabidopsis CSLC4 gene, which is the gene with the highest sequence similarity to the nasturtium CSL gene, is coordinately expressed with other genes involved in XyG biosynthesis. These and other observations provide a compelling case that the CSLC gene family encode proteins that synthesize the XyG backbone.nasturtium ͉ cell wall ͉ xyloglucan ͉ polysaccharide

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“…Members of the CslA subfamily encode (1,4)-b-D-mannan synthases (Dhugga et al, 2004;Liepman et al, 2007), and the CslC group is believed to encode an enzyme that directs the synthesis of the (1,4)-b-D-glucan backbone of xyloglucans (Cocuron et al, 2007). Using a comparative genomics approach, Burton et al (2006) showed that a cluster of the monocot-specific CslF genes in rice is located in a genomic region corresponding to one containing a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for grain (1,3;1,4)-b-D-glucan content in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Following expression of rice CslF genes in Arabidopsis and the detection of (1,3;1,4)-b-D-glucan in the walls of transgenic Arabidopsis lines, it was concluded that the rice CslF genes encode polysaccharide synthases that are essential for the synthesis of the (1,3;1,4)-b-Dglucans of monocot cell walls, although the participation of other enzymes or ancillary proteins could not be precluded .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics and Transcriptional Profiles of the Cellulose Synthase-Like HvCslF Gene Family in Barley

Burton

Jobling²,

Harvey³

et al. 2008

Plant Physiol.

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287

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Cellulose Synthase-Like CslF Genes Mediate the Synthesis of Cell Wall (1,3;1,4)-ß- d -Glucans

Cited by 411 publications

References 18 publications

Genome-wide association study for oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin

Genome-wide association study for oat (Avena sativa L.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin

A gene from the cellulose synthase-like C family encodes a β-1,4 glucan synthase

The Genetics and Transcriptional Profiles of the Cellulose Synthase-Like HvCslF Gene Family in Barley

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