Cellulose nanofibres from bagasse using a high speed blender and acetylation as a pretreatment

Sofla, M. Rahimi Kord; Batchelor, Warren; Kosinkova, Jana; Pepper, Rachel A.; Brown, Richard J.; Rainey, Thomas J.

doi:10.1007/s10570-019-02441-w

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In addition, the improved material properties such as reduced weight, increased strength, controllable optical properties, oxygen barrier properties and ability to form liquid crystals when going from the microscale to the nanoscale, have made the nanocellulose field an active research area (Lavoine et al 2012;Jonoobi et al 2015). Plant based sources that have been explored for cellulose extraction include hemp (Dai et al 2013;Luzi et al 2014), sugarcane bagasse (Mandal and Chakrabarty 2011;Rahimi Kord Sofla et al 2019), wheat straw and soy hulls (Alemdar and Sain 2008), rice husk (Johar et al 2012), wood flour (Li et al 2016) pineapple leaf fibres (Cherian et al 2010;Fareez et al 2018), cotton (Al-khateeb et al 2015;Theivasanthi et al 2018), bamboo (Hu et al 2014), kenaf bast (Karimi et al 2014;Song et al 2018), etc. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one of the most pervasive aquatic weeds, which is very adaptable to the environment and can grow quickly, producing 106 tonne (dry weight) per Hectare per year (Reddy and Debusk 1984). This plant is usually invasive and can have serious detrimental effects on the surrounding environment due to its rapid growth on water bodies in tropical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process for deriving high quality cellulose nanofibrils from water hyacinth invasive species

et al. 2020

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In this study, surface chemistry, the morphological properties, water retention values, linear viscoelastic properties, crystallinity index, tensile strength and thermal properties of water hyacinth (WH) cellulose were correlated with the degree of mechanical processing under high-pressure homogenisation. An initial low-pressure mechanical shear of WH stems resulted in the ease of chemical extraction of good quality cellulose using mild concentrations of chemical reagents and ambient temperature. Further passes through the homogeniser resulted in an overall improvement in cellulose fibrillation into nanofibrils, and an increase in water retention property and linear viscoelastic properties as the number of passes increased. These improvements are most significant after the first and second pass, resulting in up to 7.5% increase in crystallinity index and 50% increase in the tensile strength of films, when compared with the unprocessed WH cellulose. The thermal stability of the WH cellulose was not adversely affected but remained stable with increasing number of passes. Results suggest a high suitability for this process to generate superior quality cellulose nanofibrils at relatively low energy requirements, ideal for sustainable packaging applications and as a structural component to bioplastic composite formulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process for deriving high quality cellulose nanofibrils from water hyacinth invasive species

et al. 2020

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“…However, the changes were negligible when the reaction temperature exceeded 50 °C; thus, 50 °C was chosen as the optimal temperature of acetylation reaction. The increasing temperature facilitated the acetylation reaction between the (Ac) 2 O and hydroxyl groups of cellulose [ 35 ]. Therefore, the mass and substitution degree of RSCA increased with the increasing reaction temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Preparation of Rice Straw-Derived Cellulose Acetate and Its Spinnability for Electrospinning

et al. 2021

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Rice straw-derived cellulose (RSC) with purity of 92 wt.% was successfully extracted from rice straw by a novel and facile strategy, which integrated the C2H5OH/H2O autocatalytic process, dilute alkali treatment and H2O2 bleaching process. Influencing factors of the cellulose extraction were systematically examined, such as ethanol concentration, alkali concentration, H2O2 bleaching process and so on; the optimal extraction conditions of cellulose was determined. A series of rice straw-derived cellulose acetate (RSCA) with different degree of substitution (DS) were prepared by the acetylation reaction; the effects of Ac2O/cellulose ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the acetylation reaction were investigated. Results of FTIR and XRD analysis demonstrated that highly purified RSC and RSCA were prepared comparing with the commercial cellulose and cellulose acetate. Solubility analysis of RSCA with different DS indicated as-prepared RSCA with DS of 2.82 possessed the best solubleness, which was suitable for electrospinning. Moreover, the flexible RSCA fibrous membrane was easily fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. Our proposed method provided a strategy for realizing the high-value utilization of waste rice straw resource, as prepared RSC and RSCA can be used as chemical raw material, and electrospun RSCA fibrous membrane has various applications in medical materials, food packaging, water purification and so on.

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“…CNF fibrillation methods have been developed using high shear blending techniques, many of which utilize household equipment to produce CNFs at a final solid content lower than 2 wt %. ,,,, It is noted however that in many cases, optimization of the operating conditions is challenging as minimal variations in process parameters would produce CNFs with significantly different qualities. Specifically, changes in blender speed, blending time, and solids content have been shown to affect the CNF morphology and other properties.…”

Section: Nonconventional Fibrillation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, changes in blender speed, blending time, and solids content have been shown to affect the CNF morphology and other properties. For example, Sofla et al observed that an increase in blending time from 5 to 30 min resulted in a decrease in CNF diameter from approximately 135 to 40 nm . Uetani et al observed similar results and demonstrated via optical imaging that ballooning of fibers and uncurling of fiber ribbons occurred .…”

Section: Nonconventional Fibrillation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Nonconventional Fibrillation Methods of Producing Cellulose Nanofibrils and Their Applications

Wang

Copenhaver

et al. 2021

Biomacromolecules

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The production of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) continues to receive considerable attention because of their desirable material characteristics for a variety of consumer applications. There are, however, challenges that remain in transitioning CNFs from research to widespread adoption in the industrial sectors, including production cost and material performance. This Review covers CNFs produced from nonconventional fibrillation methods as a potential alternative solution. Pretreating biomass by biological, chemical, mechanical, or physical means can render plant feedstocks more facile for processing and thus lower energy requirements to produce CNFs. CNFs from nonconventional fibrillation methods have been investigated for various applications, including films, composites, aerogels, and Pickering emulsifiers. Continued research is needed to develop protocols to standardize the characterization (e.g., degree of fibrillation) of the lignocellulosic fibrillation processes and resulting CNF products to make them more attractive to the industry for specific product applications.

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Cellulose nanofibres from bagasse using a high speed blender and acetylation as a pretreatment

Cited by 31 publications

References 58 publications

A process for deriving high quality cellulose nanofibrils from water hyacinth invasive species

A process for deriving high quality cellulose nanofibrils from water hyacinth invasive species

Investigation on the Preparation of Rice Straw-Derived Cellulose Acetate and Its Spinnability for Electrospinning

Review on Nonconventional Fibrillation Methods of Producing Cellulose Nanofibrils and Their Applications

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