“…These variations can be chemical, physical, and biological stimuli, such as light, temperature, pH, CO 2 gas, glucose, enzymes, etc. , The main stimuli-responsive polymeric systems are designed as polymer solutions, organo- and hydrogels, surfaces and interfaces, fibers, colloids, and solids. − Light has attracted huge attention because of its easy external triggering; attainability; nondestructive effects on polymeric systems; and modulation in intensity, wavelength, and irradiation time. − Concerning the type of the photoresponsive moieties and their location in the polymer chain, different photoresponsive polymers could be obtained, which show irreversible or reversible reactions upon light irradiation. These reactions finally result in a variation of hydrophilicity by isomerization, cross-linking by dimerization, main chain degradation by cleavage, or block junction breaking in the polymer structure under light irradiation. − Dimerization reactions of these photoresponsive moieties are mostly based on different cycloaddition mechanisms. The [2π + 2π] cycloaddition reaction of two alkenes results in cyclobutane dimer formation between the two molecules .…”