Cellulase Production by Trichoderma longi, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisae Cultured on Waste Materials from Orange

Abstract

The wastes materials from the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) were used as substrate for the production of cellulase. The rind, the pericarp or albedo and the pulp were hydrolyzed by cellulolytic enzymes of Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae after they were treated with alkali and steam. The amount of glucose released from the substrates following the secretion of cellulase by the three microorganisms was measured. The orange wastes released amounts of glucose ranging from 0.76-0.96 mg mL(-1) by Trichoderma longibrachiatum, 0.90-1.08 mg mL(-1) by A. niger and 0.60-0.76 mg mL(-1) by S. cerevisiae after five days of fermentation. The conditions of the fermentation were then varied to determine their effect on cellulase production. Fermentation parameters varied were time, pH, substrate concentration, temperature and inoculum size. After this, conditions that produced highest amounts of glucose were combined in an optimization experiment. Glucose production under optimized conditions were 0.94 mg mL(-1) by T. longibrachiatum, 0.83 mg mL(-1) by A. niger and 0.67 mg mL(-1) by S. cerevisae. The activity of the test organisms' cellulase against CMC on the orange wastes was also determined with T. longibrachiatum producing 3.86 mg mL(-1), A. niger 2.94 mg mL(-1) and S. cerevisiae 2.30 mg mL(-1) glucose amounts all from orange pulp.

Quantification of Endoglucanase Activity based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose in Four Fungi Isolated from an Aerated Lagoon in a Pulp and Paper Mill

“…In their study, Aguiar (2001) evaluated enzyme production by Aspergillus niger IZ 9 in different carbon sources showing the influence of temperature, substrate type, and concentration enzyme. Omosajola and Jilani (2008) studied the production of cellulases from Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus niger, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and compared cellulase activity and the amount of glucose produced. T. longibrachiatum was found to produce higher amounts of glucose.…”

Cellulase Production by Penicillium citrinum using Brewer’s Spent Grain and Pineapple Peels as Cheap, Alternate Substrates

“…Further increase in concentration led to sharp decline in cellulase yield. A 1.0% substrate concentration gave the highest yield of cellulase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum on pineapple pulp (Omojasola et al, 2008). Substrate concentration is an important factor in enzyme yield and substrate hydrolysis rate (Reddy et al, 2015).…”

“…Several lignocellulosic wastes have been utilized as substrates for cellulase production by several researchers. These included sawdust (Narasimha et al, 2009), wheat bran (Chandra et al, 2007), brewer's spent grain (Nascimento et al, 2009), rice bran (Reddy et al, 2015), pineapple pulp (Omojasola et al, 2008) and wheat straw (Azzaz et al, 2012). The use of lignocellulosic biomass for cellulase production has become a common trend in recent years since this significantly reduces costs (Adsul et al, 2004;Nascimento et al, 2009;Balaraju et al, 2010;Ravindran et al, 2010).…”

Extra-cellular isoamylase production by Rhizopus oryzae in solid-state fermentation of agro wastes

“…2).The optimum concentration for enzyme production of arum was 1% (w/v), millet and oat at 0.25%(w/v) and tapioca at 0.125%(w/v). Higher concentration of arum could restore the amount of enzyme production, but increase in the concentration of millet, oat and tapioca in the fermentation media reduced the enzyme production probably due to the adverse effect of higher load of nutrient supplements present in these substrates (Omojasola et al, 2008), or as a result of hindrance of mass transfer of oxygen by higher amount of solid substrate. …”