Cellular stiffness response to external deformation: Tensional homeostasis in a single fibroblast

Mizutani, Takeomi; Haga, Hisashi; Kawabata, Kazushige

doi:10.1002/cm.20037

Cited by 93 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…First, it may be due to an elastic response of the actin filaments [25]; second, it may be attributed to the changes in the cellular activities such as enhancement of the contractile force and reinforcement of stress fibers [10,26]. Janmey et al investigated the elastic property of an actin matrigel and showed that more than 10% of the strain was required to yield a 2-fold increase in stress [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the time lapse measurement of stiffness, observation of the tempo-spatial changes in the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged actin filaments in stress fibers [10], measurement of tempo-spatial variations in Ca 2+ [30], and measurement of the local activity of small GTPase RhoA by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) [31] are useful techniques to investigate the involvement of physiological activities in the stiffness response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This device is based on an equipment that we had previously developed [10]. It consists of an elastic chamber (Scholertec Corp, Osaka, Japan), a custom made clamping device, and a collagen matrix gel (Cellmatrix I-A; Nitta Gelatin, Osaka, Japan).…”

Section: Stretch Device and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relationship between the external loading force and cellular mechanics remains unclear. Previously, we measured the changes in cellular stiffness in stretched or uniaxially-compressed fibroblasts cultured on an elastic substrate by using mechanical-scanning probe microscopy (M-SPM) [10]; these changes corresponded with the contractile force of the stress fibers but not with the tension on the membrane. Thus, we concluded that the contractile force of a single fibroblast is maintained constant against an external loading force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We modified the M-SPM to enable visualization of topography and local stiffness in living cells in order to investigate the cellular stiffness and mechanical response of the cells toward external loading force using force mapping mode under liquid conditions [10,11]. In order to measure the mechanical properties of a tissue-like material under an external loading force, we developed wide-range scanning probe microscopy (WR-SPM), which is a modification of a commercial M-SPM [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a device to stretch tissue-like materials and to measure their mechanical properties by scanning probe microscopy

2007

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We developed a new stretch device to investigate the biomechanical responses to an external loading force on a tissue-like material consisting of cells and a collagen gel. Collagen gel, a typical matrix found abundantly in the connective tissue, was attached to an elastic chamber that was precoated with a thin layer of collagen. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells that were cultured on the collagen gel were stretched in a uniaxial direction via deformation of the elastic chamber. Changes in the morphology and stiffness of the tissue-like structure were measured before and after the stretch by using wide-range scanning probe microscopy (WR-SPM). The change in cellular morphology was heterogeneous, and there was a 2-fold increase in the intercellular junction due to the stretch. In addition to the SPM measurements, this device enables observation of the spatial distribution of cytoskeletal proteins such as vimentin and α-catenin by using immunofluorescent microscopy. We concluded that the stretch device we have reported in this paper is useful to measure the mechanical response of a tissue-like material over a range of cell sizes when exposed to an external loading force.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stretch Device and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Development of a device to stretch tissue-like materials and to measure their mechanical properties by scanning probe microscopy

2007

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Interruption of glycosphingolipid synthesis enhances osteoarthritis development in mice

Seito¹,

Yamashita²,

Tsukuda³

et al. 2012

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are ubiquitous membrane components that modulate transmembrane signaling and mediate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. GSL expression is decreased in the articular cartilage of humans with osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine the functional role of GSLs in cartilage metabolism related to OA pathogenesis. Methods We generated mice with knockout of the chondrocyte-specific Ugcg, which encodes an initial enzyme of major GSL synthesis, (Col2-Ugcg−/−), using the Cre/loxP system. In vivo OA and in vitro cartilage degradation models were used to evaluate the effect of GSLs on cartilage degradation process. Results Although Col2-Ugcg−/− mice developed and grew normally, osteoarthritic changes were dramatically enhanced with aging through the overexpression of MMP-13 and chondrocyte apoptosis compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates. Col2-Ugcg−/− mice showed more severe instability-induced pathologic OA in vivo and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) induced cartilage degradation in vitro. IL-1α stimulation of chondrocytes from WT mice significantly increased Ugcg mRNA expression and upregulated GSL metabolism. Conclusion GSL deficiency in chondrocytes enhances the development of OA. On the other hand, the deficiency does not affect the development and organization of cartilage tissue at a young age. These findings indicate that GSLs maintain cartilage molecular metabolism and prevent disease progression, although GSLs are not essential for chondrogenesis of progenitor and stem cells and cartilage development in young mice. GSL metabolism in the cartilage is a potential target for developing a novel treatment for OA.

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Cell distribution of stress fibres in response to the geometry of the adhesive environment

Théry¹,

Pépin²,

Dressaire³

et al. 2006

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

411

449

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Cells display a large variety of shapes when plated in classical culture conditions despite their belonging to a common cell type. These shapes are transitory, since cells permanently disassemble and reassemble their cytoskeleton while moving. Adhesive micropatterns are commonly used to confine cell shape within a given geometry. In addition the micropattern can be designed so as to impose cells to spread upon adhesive and nonadhesive areas. Modulation of the pattern geometry allows the analysis of the mechanisms governing the determination of cell shape in response to external adhesive conditions. In this study, we show that the acquisition of cell shape follows two stages where initially the cell forms contact with the micropattern. Here, the most distal contacts made by the cell with the micropattern define the apices of the cell shape. Then secondly, the cell borders that link two apices move so as to minimise the distance between the two apices. In these cell borders, the absence of an underlying adhesive substrate is overcome by stress fibres forming between the apices, which in turn are marked by an accumulation of focal adhesions. By inhibiting myosin function, cell borders on nonadhesive zones become more concave, suggesting that the stress fibres work against the membrane tension in the cell border. Moreover, this suggested that traction forces are unevenly distributed in stationary, nonmigrating, cells. By comparing the stress fibres in cells with one, two, or three nonadherent cell borders it was reasoned that stress fibre strength is inversely proportional to number. We conclude that cells of a given area can generate the same total sum of tractional forces but that these tractional forces are differently spaced depending on the spatial distribution of its adherence contacts.

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Cellular stiffness response to external deformation: Tensional homeostasis in a single fibroblast

Cited by 93 publications

References 16 publications

Development of a device to stretch tissue-like materials and to measure their mechanical properties by scanning probe microscopy

Development of a device to stretch tissue-like materials and to measure their mechanical properties by scanning probe microscopy

Interruption of glycosphingolipid synthesis enhances osteoarthritis development in mice

Cell distribution of stress fibres in response to the geometry of the adhesive environment

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