Cell‐Mediated Biointerfacial Phenolic Assembly for Probiotic Nano Encapsulation

Abstract

The use of cell‐mediated chemistry is an emerging strategy that exploits the metabolic processes of living cells to develop biomimetic materials with advanced functionalities and enhanced biocompatibility. Here, a concept of a cell‐mediated catalytic process for forming protective nano‐shells on individual probiotic cells is demonstrated. This process is leveraged by the cell environment to induce oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds, and simultaneously these phenolic polymers assemble to form nano‐coatings around individual cell surfaces. The detailed analysis reveals that the oxidation process is triggered by an essential nutrient (manganese) of the probiotic cells, which significantly increases the oxidation rate of phenolic compounds. The phenolic coatings, encapsulating each cell in nanometre scale, demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Additionally, the in situ encapsulated probiotic cells display an improved gastric tolerance of up to ≈1.4 times higher than the native cells and enhanced adhesion as high as ≈1.6 times onto a model of intestinal epithelial cells. Finally, the coated probiotic cells exhibit a high antioxidant activity as an advanced feature. Overall, this method provides a unique approach to improve the probiotic delivery using the cell machinery to engineer encapsulating nanocoatings with protective benefits and new functionalities.

Phase-Dependent 1T/2H-MoS2 Nanosheets for Effective Photothermal Killing of Bacteria

“…For 1T-and 2H-MoS 2 NSs cultured with E. coli without laser irradiation, high viabilities of E. coli could be attributed to nanoencapsulation of bacteria by 1T-and 2H-MoS 2 NSs. 76 Using the bacterial solution absorbance value of each experimental group as an indicator to assess bacterial growth, inhibition, or killing, the experimental group with 1T-MoS 2 NSs + irradiation compared to both the control and 2H-MoS 2 groups showed a decline in its starting OD600 value, and this decline was sustained throughout the 180 min incubation period, indicating a reduction in E. coli viability. This outcome shows the superior antibacterial potential of 1T-MoS 2 NSs over 2H-MoS 2 NSs, corresponding to the DFT simulation calculations.…”

Bioinspired oral delivery devices

“…The layer dissociates at pH > 6 in the intestine, exposing the tannic acid-coated bacteria to the intestinal mucosal epithelial layer and allowing bacterial adherence. Similarly, Lactobacillus species can be coated with phenolic compounds to provide resistance against acidic conditions, tissue adhesion and oxidation inhibition 83 . The gastric tolerance of these coated probiotics and their adhesion to Caco-2 cells, serving as an in vitro intestinal epithelial model, have been determined to be approximately 1.4 and 0.6 times higher than those of bare probiotics, respectively.…”

Engineered Living Materials For Sustainability

“…395 Polyphenols such as tannins, which can cross-link with metal ions to form structurally rigid films, also show promising protective effects in entrapped biological systems. 396,397 Park et al developed self-assembled metal−phenolic polymer shells with TA and Fe 3+ (Figure 25b,c). 398 These cellular coatings can protect S. cerevisiae from various external hazards, including lytic enzymes, silver nanoparticles, and UV irradiation.…”