Celiac Disease and the Athlete

Mancini, Lee A.; Trojian, Thomas H.; Mancini, Angela

doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e31820f2eab

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Interestingly, a higher incidence (approximately 1 case per 18 people) has been reported in the Saharawi people from North Africa (Lionetti et al, 1999), which may explain the higher rate in our culturally diverse sample. There is also evidence for increased diagnosis of celiac disease and wheat intolerance internationally (Mancini et al, 2011;Telega et al, 2008;Lohi et al, 2007). The increase of reported gluten free diets is supported by the number of inquiries (n = 64) about the provision of gluten free items received by dietitians located at the nutrition kiosk in the dining hall at the same event (unpublished data), however, it is not clear whether these athletes are following a gluten or wheat free diet due to appropriate diagnosis of celiac disease or wheat intolerance, or simply by choice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Regimens of Athletes Competing at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games

Pelly¹,

Burkhart²

2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary regimens reported by athletes competing at a major international competition and report whether these were based on nutrient composition, religious beliefs, cultural eating style, food intolerance or avoidance of certain ingredients. A questionnaire was randomly distributed to 351 athletes in the main dining hall of the athletes' village over the three main meal periods during the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games (23rd Sept-14th Oct, 2010). The majority (n = 218, 62%) of athletes reported following one or more dietary regimens, with 50% (n = 174) following a diet based on the nutrient composition of the food. Significantly more athletes from weight category and aesthetic sports (28%, p = .005) and from power/sprint sports (41%, p = .004) followed low fat and high protein regimens respectively. Other specialized dietary regimens were followed by 33% of participants, with avoidance of red meat (13%), vegetarian (7%), Halal (6%), and low lactose regimens (5%) reported most frequently. Significantly more athletes from non-Western regions followed a vegetarian diet (p < .001), while more vegetarians reported avoiding additives (p = .013) and wheat (p ≤ .001). A Western style of eating was the most commonly reported cultural regimen (72% of total with 23% from non-Western regions). Those following a Western diet were significantly more likely to report following a regimen based on nutrient composition (p = .02). As a high proportion of athletes from differing countries and sports follow specialized dietary regimens, caterers and organizers should ensure that adequate nutrition support and food items are available at similar events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Regimens of Athletes Competing at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games

Pelly¹,

Burkhart²

2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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“…Iron is contained in a variety of food sources that can be classified into 'heme' and 'non-heme'. (Mancini, Trojian, & Mancini, 2011). Risk of iron overload from the diet is extremely low.…”

Section: Dietary Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron balance and iron supplementation for the female athlete: A practical approach

Pedlar

Brugnara

Bruinvels

et al. 2017

European Journal of Sport Science

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Maintaining a positive iron balance is essential for female athletes to avoid the effects of iron deficiency and anaemia and to maintain or improve performance. A major function of iron is in the production of the oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying molecule, haemoglobin, via erythropoiesis. Iron balance is under the control of a number of factors including the peptide hormone hepcidin, dietary iron intake and absorption, environmental stressors (e.g. altitude), exercise, menstrual blood loss and genetics. Menstruating females, particularly those with heavy menstrual bleeding are at an elevated risk of iron deficiency. Haemoglobin concentration [Hb] and serum ferritin (sFer) are traditionally used to identify iron deficiency, however, in isolation these may have limited value in athletes due to: (1) the effects of fluctuations in plasma volume in response to training or the environment on [Hb], (2) the influence of inflammation on sFer and (3) the absence of sport, gender and individually specific normative data. A more detailed and longitudinal examination of haematology, menstrual cycle pattern, biochemistry, exercise physiology, environmental factors and training load can offer a superior characterisation of iron status and help to direct appropriate interventions that will avoid iron deficiency or iron overload. Supplementation is often required in iron deficiency; however, nutritional strategies to increase iron intake, rest and descent from altitude can also be effective and will help to prevent future iron deficient episodes. In severe cases or where there is a time-critical need, such as major championships, iron injections may be appropriate.

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“…Celiac disease is not uncommon, with a prevalence of about 1 in 100 in the general community. Sports medicine practitioners working with swimmers should be alert to the possibility of celiac disease and familiar with the appropriate tests and diagnostic procedures (Mancini et al, 2011). The cornerstone of management of celiac disease is a gluten-free diet under the direction of a dietitian.…”

Section: Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, Illness, and Injury in Aquatic Sports

Pyne¹,

Verhagen²,

Mountjoy³

2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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In this review, we outline key principles for prevention of injury and illness in aquatic sports, detail the epidemiology of injury and illness in aquatic athletes at major international competitions and in training, and examine the relevant scientific evidence on nutrients for reducing the risk of illness and injury. Aquatic athletes are encouraged to consume a well-planned diet with sufficient calories, macronutrients (particularly carbohydrate and protein), and micronutrients (particularly iron, zinc, and vitamins A, D, E, B6, and B12) to maintain health and performance. Ingesting carbohydrate via sports drinks, gels, or sports foods during prolonged training sessions is beneficial in maintaining energy availability. Studies of foods or supplements containing plant polyphenols and selected strains of probiotic species are promising, but further research is required. In terms of injury, intake of vitamin D, protein, and total caloric intake, in combination with treatment and resistance training, promotes recovery back to full health and training. Keywords: epidemiology, nutrition, swimming, infection, supplements, ergogenic aidsAquatic coaches are obliged to use physically challenging training programs to prepare their athletes for high-level competitions. However, a high level of exposure to training (and competition) can increase the risk of illness or injury, limiting improvements in performance. Sports science and sports medicine practitioners who work with swimmers (and swimming coaches) are seeking effective evidence-based interventions and strategies to reduce the risk of injury and illness compromising training and competitive performance. Although the importance of illness and injuries and their impact on performance is better understood nowadays by both researchers and practitioners, there remains a lack of quality information, particularly related to the importance of nutrition and dietary practices.Nutrient intake during everyday eating and around swimming training and competition is a key factor influencing immune function and risk of injury. Other factors related to illness include the volume, intensity, and load of exercise training; degree of exposure to pathogens; underlying health and medical status of individual athletes; lifestyle behaviors, including sleep and recovery; and psychosocial issues related to training and competition. Given the lack of specific research studies on highly trained swimmers, it is necessary to look more broadly at general nutrition, sports nutrition, and studies of athletes in other sports. A Medline search (November 2013) using nutrition as a search term yielded 325 hits for swimming, but only seven for water polo, six for long-distance swimming, five for diving, and two for synchronized swimming.Although the benefits of avoiding illness and injury appear obvious, only one study has directly quantified the effect of illness on international swimming performance. A study of performances of Australian swimmers showed that mild illness had only a trivial mean effect...

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Celiac Disease and the Athlete

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Dietary Regimens of Athletes Competing at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games

Dietary Regimens of Athletes Competing at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games

Iron balance and iron supplementation for the female athlete: A practical approach

Nutrition, Illness, and Injury in Aquatic Sports

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