cDNA cloning and sequence determination of rat membrane-associated phospholipase A2

SPLASH (PLA2IID), a novel member of phospholipase A2 family, is associated with lymphotoxin deficiency

“…20 As a consequence, the shorter 1.2 kb transcript encodes a protein without secretory signal peptide and that this protein presumably remains intracellular. However, it should be pointed out that one of the known SPLASH homologues, PLA 2 IIa, was reported to be a membrane-associated protein of mitochondria in rats 21 even though its gene contains a sequence for a putative signal peptide and can be secreted when overexpressed in vitro. 22 The murine SPLASH gene is located at the distal part of murine chromosome 4, and the human gene at 1p35-36.1, the region known for frequent loss of heterozygosity in a variety of human tumors.…”

Group II phospholipase A2 mRNA synthesis is stimulated by two distinct mechanisms in rat vascular smooth muscle cells

“…Mammalian group I PLAzs exist mainly and abundantly in the pancreas [9-l 11. On the other hand, mammalian group II PLAzs have been found in rabbit ascites (121, rat peritoneal exudate [ 131, human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid [ 14-161, platelets of rabbit [ 171 and rat [ 18,191, porcine intestine [20], and rat spleen [21,22]. In this study using rat cultured aortic SMCs, we demonstrated for the first time that there are at least two distinct mechanisms in the activation of group II PLA2 gene expression: one is mediated by inflam-matory l~pho~nes (IL-l and TNF) as well as LPS, and the other by cAMP-elevating agents.…”

Cellular Localization of Group IIA Phospholipase A2 in Rats

“…Northern blotting analysis (Ishizaki et al 1989) indicated the presence of group II PLA 2 mRNA in normal rat small intestine, but the cellular origin was not identified. In the human intestine, group II PLA 2 was detected in Paneth cells by both IHC and ISH (Nevalainen et al 1995).…”

“…Because group II PLA 2 -specific activities, protein, or mRNA were present in the homogenate of the normal rat liver (Inada et al 1991b;Dong et al 1997), kidney (Hara et al 1995), lung (Murakami et al 1988;Ishizaki et al 1989), and pancreas (Lauritzen et al 1994), we tried to identify group IIA PLA 2 -producing cells in these tissues by IHC and ISH. However, we could not detect group IIA PLA 2 protein and mRNA in normal rat liver, kidney, lung, and pancreas.…”