CD14CD16 Monocyte Subset Levels in Heart Failure Patients

Abstract

Abstract.Our aim was to define the distribution of monocyte subsets in a cohort of congestive heart failure (CHF) patients, to verify whether increased severity of CHF is linked to the expansion of specific monocyte subsets, and finally to investigate the relationship between monocyte subset relative frequencies, laboratory parameters of inflammation, and monocyte ACE expression. Thirty consecutive CHF patients and 26 healthy control subjects were evaluated for peripheral blood monocyte expression of CD14, CD16 and CD143 (ACE) by flow-cytometry, and for endothelial-derived soluble CD146 levels by ELISA. CD14 ++ CD16 + frequency was significantly higher in CHF patients than in Controls (%, median value and IQ) (12.3, 8.7-14.8 vs 5.9, 4.7-6.9, p < 0.05, CHF vs Controls), and it increased depending on how high NYHA class was, on worsening LV ejection fraction and on circulating pro-BNP values. Furthermore, it was associated with increasing creatinine and with decreasing GFR and albumin levels. Monocyte CD143 expression was significantly elevated in CHF patients as compared to Controls, and positively associated with CD14 ++ CD16 + levels. Frequencies of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes were significantly lower in CHF patients as compared to Controls, and negatively correlated with levels of soluble CD146 (r = -0.529; p 0.048).In conclusion, monocytic CD14 ++ CD16 + frequency and CD143 levels are increased and reflect disease status and progressive cardiac deterioration in CHF patients. The CD14 + CD16 + subset is depleted in CHF and is linked to endothelial damage in this group of patients. Although the question of whether differences in monocyte CD14CD16 expansion are causal or whether they represent a marker of HF progression which is potentially relevant for risk prediction remains unanswered, we believe that our data represent an important tool for exploring the role of selective inflammatory pathways in CHF progression.

Proinflammatory CD14+CD16+ Monocytes are Associated with Microinflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy Uremia

“…It suggests that aberrant immune activation is present in T2DM patients and uremic DN patients, in agreement with the results of Du et al [20]. Given the fact that CD14 + CD16 + monocytes represent a sensitive marker for inflammation or cellular activation, the role of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in various diseases have received considerable interest in recent years [24][25][26][27]. And there is a host of reports [22,[24][25][26][27] about increases or decreases in the number of CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in various diseases.…”

CD16+Monocyte Subsets Are Increased in Large Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Are Differentially Related with Circulating and Cell-Associated Biochemical and Inflammatory Biomarkers

“…Within AAA patients, decreased counts of CD14 dim CD16 + monocytes were observed in patients with the highest circulating counts of neutrophils and of total white blood cell counts. We previously made this observation in a cohort of CHF patients with a reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle [17]. We then attributed this finding to a distinct pattern of transendothelial migration between CD16…”

“…Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), detected as CD143, is present at high levels on monocytes [15]. Monocytic ACE expression was found highest among CD14 + CD16 + monocytes; monocyte CD143 expression was increased in dialysis patients with prevalent cardiovascular disease and in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) [16,17]. Alterations in monocyte CD143 expression might be related to the process of vascular damage during development of atherosclerotic and of AAA lesions [18,19], since the product of CD143, angiotensin II, promotes pro-oxidant bursts, endothelial release of proinflammatory cytokines and leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall [20].…”

Increased Formation of Monocyte-Platelet Aggregates in Ischemic Heart Failure

“…10 The specific role of monocytes in HF is largely unknown, although monocyte levels are increased in patients who develop LV dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI), and a recent study also demonstrated increased monocyte numbers in patients with stable systolic HF. 11 Furthermore, monocytes are heterogeneous and consist of distinct subpopulations with differing phenotype and functional characteristics. 12,13 These subsets can be defined by flow cytometry according to differential expression of surface markers, giving rise to classic CD14++CD16-CCR2+ (Mon1), intermediate CD14++CD16+CCR2+ (Mon2), and nonclassic CD14+CD16++CCR2-(Mon3) subsets.…”