CD14⁺CD16⁺ Monocytes in the Course of Sepsis in Neonates and Small Children: Monitoring and Functional Studies

Abstract

The phenotype and function of peripheral blood monocytes change after trauma and during sepsis. The aim of the study was to evaluate monocyte expression of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and Fc receptor III (FcR III) (CD16) in neonates and small children with high risk of sepsis (hospitalized at the intensive care unit). The reduced proportion of CD14 HLA-DR monocytes was observed in all patients at the intensive care unit, while the increase of CD16 expression on monocytes was observed in the course of sepsis. The measurement of CD16 expression on monocytes also proved to be more useful for monitoring patient. The proportion of both CD14 dim CD16 and CD14 high CD16 monocytes increased during sepsis; however, monocytes showed reduced ability to phagocytose Escherichia coli, compromised ability to cooperate with T cells and reduced CD86 expression in parallel to HLA-DR depression. The reduced interleukin (IL)-1 but rather increased IL-10 production was associated with sepsis. The differences between CD14 CD16 monocytes of healthy donors and patients with sepsis are discussed.

Changes in Peripheral Leukocyte Subsets in Dairy Cows with Inflammatory Diseases after Calving

“…A peculiar change in CD14 + monocytes was observed in the PID group. A decreased percentage of CD14 + monocytes were observed in patients with infectious shock [17]. The CD14 + macrophages/monocytes ratio is considered due to the cells secreting inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the release of such factors induces an inflammatory response.…”

Refining the white blood cell differential: The first flow cytometry routine application

“…The usefulness and benefits for patient care have to be evaluated in further independent studies. These questions were not addressed in this study but we know for instance that activated monocytes (CD14 pos /CD16 pos ) are modulated during atopic eczema, malaria infection, and sepsis, whereas the monitoring of NK cells could give relevant information following a kidney allograft (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Recently, efforts have been made to improve the differential count in several ways, such as by integrating directly fluorescent antibodies in a cell counter (32).…”

Impaired dendritic cell differentiation of CD16‐positive monocytes in tuberculosis: Role of p38 MAPK

“…2013. 43: 335-347 an imbalance in the relative proportions of the subsets during acute inflammation [5] and several infectious diseases [6][7][8][9][10] including tuberculosis (TB) [11,12] has been described. TB, a disease that mainly affects the respiratory system, infects onethird of the world's population and kills 2 million people each year [13].…”