Cave dripwater isotopic signals related to the altitudinal gradient of Mount-Lebanon: implication for speleothem studies

Nehmé, Carole; Verheyden, Sophie; Nader, Fadi H.; Adjizian-Gérard, Jocelyne; Genty, Dominique; Bont, Kevin De; Minster, Bénédicte; Salem, Ghada; Verstraten, David; Clayes, Philippe

doi:10.5038/1827-806x.48.1.2253

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The observed drip water ∆δ 18 O/100 m gradient is −0.15% (Figure 10), comparable to steep north Italian Alps where two transects had gradient of −0.15% and −0.08% [81]. It is also similar to a steep coastal area on Vancouver Island where the drip water gradient was −0.16% [72] and the western flank of Mount-Lebanon where it was −0.2% [82]. However, MP and ZB sites, as mentioned above, may not be the best representatives for general conclusions on the altitudinal effect on drip water due to their specific settings, but it is indicative that the drip water gradient is attenuated according to precipitation gradient.…”

Section: Preservation Of Altitude and Latitude Effects In Drip Watersupporting

confidence: 55%

Stable Isotope Hydrology of Cave Groundwater and Its Relevance for Speleothem-Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Croatia

Surić

Czuppon

Lončarić

et al. 2020

Water

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Speleothems deposited from cave drip waters retain, in their calcite lattice, isotopic records of past environmental changes. Among other proxies, δ18O is recognized as very useful for this purpose, but its accurate interpretation depends on understanding the relationship between precipitation and drip water δ18O, a relationship controlled by climatic settings. We analyzed water isotope data of 17 caves from different latitudes and altitudes in relatively small but diverse Croatian karst regions in order to distinguish the dominant influences. Drip water δ18O in colder caves generally shows a greater resemblance to the amount-weighted mean of precipitation δ18O compared to warmer sites, where evaporation plays an important role. However, during glacial periods, today’s ‘warm’ sites were cold, changing the cave characteristics and precipitation δ18O transmission patterns. Superimposed on these settings, each cave has site-specific features, such as morphology (descending or ascending passages), altitude and infiltration elevation, (micro) location (rain shadow or seaward orientation), aquifer architecture (responsible for the drip water homogenization) and cave atmosphere (governing equilibrium or kinetic fractionation). This necessitates an individual approach and thorough monitoring for best comprehension.

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Section: Preservation Of Altitude and Latitude Effects In Drip Watersupporting

confidence: 55%

Stable Isotope Hydrology of Cave Groundwater and Its Relevance for Speleothem-Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Croatia

Surić

Czuppon

Lončarić

et al. 2020

Water

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“…C: Sensitivity of the annual 10 average rainfall δ 18 O value on annual rainfall amounts in the Eastern Mediterranean. The analysis is based on data from the IAEA GNIP stations (IAEA-WMO, 2019) and published values (Nehme et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If temperature variations are assumed to have a minor contribution, rainfall amount should be the dominating parameter. Speleothem and cave studies as well as modern rainfall observations suggest a negative correlation between rainfall δ 18 O values and rainfall amount (more negative for higher rainfall amounts; Bar-Matthews et al, 2003;IAEA-WMO, 2019;Nehme et al, 2019). If temperature stays unchanged over the related period (and disequilibrium is non-existing or at least constant), it directly transfers into the calcite δ 18 O values.…”

Section: Observations At 42-40 Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

A 4000-year long Late Holocene climate record from Hermes Cave (Peloponnese, Greece)

Kluge

Münster

Frank

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The societal and cultural development during the Bronze Age and the subsequent Iron Age was enormous in Greece, however interrupted by two significant transformations around 4200 years b2k (Early Helladic II/III; b2k refers to years before 2000 CE) and 3200 years b2k (end of Late Helladic III). Artefacts and building remains provide some insights into the cultural evolution, but only little is known about environmental and climatic changes on a detailed temporal and spatial scale. Here we present a 4000-year long stalagmite record (GH17-05) from Hermes Cave, Greece, located on Mount Ziria in the close vicinity of the Late Bronze Age citadel of Mycenae and the Classical-Hellenistic polis of Corinth. The cave was used in ancient times, as indicated by ceramic fragments in the entrance area and a pronounced soot layer in the stalagmite. 230Th-U dating provides age constraints for the growth of the stalagmite (continuous between ~ 800 and ~ 5300 years b2k) and the formation of a soot layer (2.5+0.5-0.65 ka b2k). Speleothem δ18O and δ13C values together with clumped isotopes and elemental ratios provide a detailed paleoclimate record of the Northern Peloponnese. The proxy data suggest significant centennial scale climate variability (i.e., wet vs. dry). Furthermore, carbonate δ18O values, calculated drip water δ18O values, 234U/238U activity ratios and elemental ratios suggest a long-term trend towards drier conditions from ca 3.7 to ~ 2.0 ka b2k. From 2.0 ka b2k towards growth stop of the stalagmite, a trend towards wetter conditions is observed. A high degree of correlation was found for isotope trends of different speleothems from the Peloponnese and partially with climate records from the Eastern Mediterranean, whereas speleothems and lake records with a larger distance to the Peloponnese show little correlation or even opposing trends.

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“…Using the correlation between rainfall δ 18 O and precipitation based on modern observations from IAEA stations (IAEA/WMO, 2019) and publications (Gat et al, 2003;El-Asrag, 2005;Dirican et al, 2005;Nehme et al, 2019), increased mean annual rainfall coincides with more negative annual δ 18 O values in the EM. A rainfall increase of ca.…”

Section: The Glacial Inception In Cyprus Vs Regional Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1B and C). Despite its northern situation in the EM, local climate is drier than the North-Levant coast where annual rainfall varies from 700 to 1400 mm on Mount-Lebanon (Nehme et al, 2019). (Wainer et al, 2011), Crovassa Azzurra (Columbu et al, 2019), Campanet (Dimitru et al, 2018), Tana Che Urla (TCU) (Regattieri et al, 2014), Argenterola (Bard et al, 2002), Dim (Rowe et al, 2020), Peqiin (Bar-Matthews et al, 2003), Soreq (Ayalon et al, 2002), Kanaan (Nehme et al, 2015(Nehme et al, , 2018,.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Speleothem record from Pentadactylos cave (Cyprus): new insights into climatic variations during MIS 6 and MIS 5 in the Eastern Mediterranean

Nehmé

Kluge

Verheyden

et al. 2020

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Cave dripwater isotopic signals related to the altitudinal gradient of Mount-Lebanon: implication for speleothem studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Stable Isotope Hydrology of Cave Groundwater and Its Relevance for Speleothem-Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Croatia

Stable Isotope Hydrology of Cave Groundwater and Its Relevance for Speleothem-Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Croatia

A 4000-year long Late Holocene climate record from Hermes Cave (Peloponnese, Greece)

Speleothem record from Pentadactylos cave (Cyprus): new insights into climatic variations during MIS 6 and MIS 5 in the Eastern Mediterranean

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