2017
DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12877
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Abstract: These data indicate that the parasite burden in patients with kala-azar was associated with age- and gender-associated factors and with HIV infection status. Acute malnutrition could be either a cause or a consequence of a higher parasite burden. An individual's parasite burden influences his or her clinical profile, disease severity and mortality risk. The best explanation for the presence of a higher parasite burden in individuals with these immunoregulatory conditions and severe disease is the occurrence of… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…In the same study, males ( n = 1,168) represented a greater number of deaths caused by VL compared to females ( n = 611), similar to other reports from Brazil as well as in Southern Iraq where L. donovani is endemic [8486, 89, 90]. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality associated with HIV and Leishmania coinfection in Brazil and Spain are reported to be higher in males [84, 85, 87, 89, 91]. However, epidemiological studies cannot always discern whether differences between males and females are due to gender-related or biological factors.…”
Section: Visceral Leishmaniasissupporting
confidence: 79%
“…In the same study, males ( n = 1,168) represented a greater number of deaths caused by VL compared to females ( n = 611), similar to other reports from Brazil as well as in Southern Iraq where L. donovani is endemic [8486, 89, 90]. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality associated with HIV and Leishmania coinfection in Brazil and Spain are reported to be higher in males [84, 85, 87, 89, 91]. However, epidemiological studies cannot always discern whether differences between males and females are due to gender-related or biological factors.…”
Section: Visceral Leishmaniasissupporting
confidence: 79%
“…Hence, it is likely that malnourished people will have a greatly increased risk of developing VL. Indeed, in a study in Brazil, the parasite burden in children with severe and moderate malnutrition was almost three times higher than in nonmalnourished children [ 91 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sometimes, an unnecessary splenectomy can be performed because of delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis in patients with VL like as in our seventh patient (16). Sepsis, pneumonia, and jaundice are frequently concomitant with VL, especially in patients who have high parasitemia (17). Two patients had obvious cholestatic jaundice, and three patients had sepsis in our series.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 69%