Cationic Dye Removal From Aqueous Solutions Using Ionic Liquid and Nonionic Surfactant-Ionic Liquid Systems: A Comparative Study Based Upon Experimental Design

Abstract

In order to separate methylene blue from aqueous solution, a novel method based upon liquid-liquid extraction, using a nonionic surfactant-ionic liquid system as extracting phase, was investigated. A comparative study was carried out with the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, known as [C4mim]PF6. By using the nonionic surfactant-ionic liquid system, the extraction efficiency could reach 97.8%, indicating that the addition of nonionic surfactant (Triton X-114) significantly improves the extraction of methylene blue. Under optimal conditions, the dye concentration in the effluent showed an almost 50-fold reduction. However, the extraction extent of methylene blue was found to be low at low pH values, and in the presence of K 2 CO 3, which may be useful for surfactant-ionic liquid system regeneration.

Easy Removal of Methylparaben and Propylparaben from Aqueous Solution Using Nonionic Micellar System

“…2). Such antagonist behavior was obtained with several micellar systems investigated in our previous studies [31,35]. Figure 5 also shows that low values of u c were obtained as the temperature increased.…”

“…Furthermore, a temperature rise increases the extraction extent of both MePB and PrPB. Other extraction systems showed a similar behavior [27,35,47]. The darker area defines favorable CPE conditions for the two parabens ( Figure 2).…”

“…Ionic and neutral molecules are distributed differently between aqueous and micellar phases in a CPE [35]. In fact, ionic species have more affinity to water molecules.…”

Transferring of red Monascus pigments from nonionic surfactant to hydrophobic ionic liquid by novel microemulsion extraction

“…IL prefers to extraction of nonionic state of ionizable product in an IL-water two-phase system [34]. Ionizable products, even hydrophobic ionizable products, can be stripped and precipitated from the IL phase by adjustment of pH [35][36][37]. In spite of the partitioning of hydrophobic ionizable organic compound in cloud point system is insensitive to pH (Fig.…”

Phenol and benzenoid alcohols separation from aqueous stream using cloud point extraction: Scaling-up of the process in a mixer-settler

“…This latter avoids the use of an organic solvent, produces small sludge volume and requires low energy consumption. This process is very efficient for treating water containing various contaminants including dissolved or dispersed organic matter [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. This method of water purification was also applied to the extraction of metal ions using diverse appropriate chelates [15,[41][42][43][44] and without chelates [45][46][47][48][49].…”