Catalytic production of hydrogen from methanol for mobile, stationary and portable fuel-cell power plants

Evaluation of the efficiency of preparing especially pure hydrogen from methanol and ethanol in membrane equipment, combined with a methane or carbon monoxide conversion catalyst

“…Additional verification by comparing the trajectories for extraction of hydrogen with the carbon deposition curve in the ternary C-H-O diagram at 300°C established that for a starting mixture of CH 3 OH-H 2 O with a ratio of H 2 O/CH 3 OH = 1 [4] there is thermodynamic probability of carbon deposition in the gas phase. Information is provided in a review [3] confirming presence of carbon in exhausted catalyst with conditions close to those in [4]. It is evident from Fig.…”

“…1) is cooled to the ME working temperature. Within the ME in the presence of a CH 4 (ME-1) or CO (ME-2) conversion catalyst under the action of a pressure drop there is extraction of both the original molecular hydrogen from the five-component gas mixture indicated above, and also additional hydrogen, which forms in the gas phase as a result a shift in equilibrium (2,3) or only equilibrium (2) to the right as hydrogen is removed through a membrane made of palladium alloy.…”

“…Consideration is also given to such forms of organic raw material as methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ester, and a number of others, as promising for hydrogen production [2]. Recently considerable attention has been devoted by researchers to methanol [3].…”

“…Consideration is also given to such forms of organic raw material as methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ester, and a number of others, as promising for hydrogen production [2]. Recently considerable attention has been devoted by researchers to methanol [3].Normally methanol in a mixture with water (with a ratio H 2 O/CH 3 OH = 1) is subjected to catalytic conversion at temperatures of the order of 250-260°C [4] with preparation of a mixture of H 2 , H 2 O, CO, and residual methanol:Under these conditions, the H 2 content is at a maximum and is 68-72 vol.%. We note that total conversion of methanol is achieved at 400°C, but the hydrogen content in this case is reduced due to a shift in equilibrium of water gas to the left CO + H 2 O → ← H 2 + CO 2 .…”

“…The organic raw material (methanol, ethanol, methane) in a mixture with water vapor is fed to the HTC, where at 600-1000°C there is steam conversion on a nickel catalyst with formation of a mixture of gases containing H 2 , H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and CH 4 . Within the scope of concepts developed for ternary C-H-O diagrams [11], the final equilibrium composition of the conversion products in the absence of carbon deposition is determined by the atomic composition (C, H, O) of the original mixture of organic raw material with water vapor, temperature, absolute pressure, and two chemical equilibrium constants (2,3):…”