Catalytic plastics cracking for recovery of gasoline-range hydrocarbons from municipal plastic wastes

Buekens, Alfons; Huang, Huixian

doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(98)00025-1

Cited by 284 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since most of the polymers are nonbiodegradable, they are unsuitable for landfill disposal. Incineration of these wastes can be another solution, but it often generates problems with harmful emissions like nitrous and sulfur oxides, dusts, dioxins and other toxins, depending on the nature of the waste polymers (Pinto et al, 1999;Buekens and Huang, 1998). Several methods are suggested for the recycling of such waste polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Acidic McM-Like Aluminosilicate Catalysts in Pyrolysis of Polypropylene

Obalı

Sezgi

Doğu

2008

Chemical Engineering Communications

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Mesoporous aluminosilicate catalysts having different Al=Si ratios were synthesized following a hydrothermal synthesis route and using different aluminum sources, such as aluminum nitrate and aluminum isopropoxide. These mesoporous materials have high surface areas, in the range of 520-1001 m 2 =g, and exhibit Type IV nitrogen adsorption isotherms. EDS and 27 Al MAS NMR results showed that aluminum was incorporated more effectively into the structure of the catalyst forming a tetrahedral framework when aluminum nitrate was used as the aluminum source. The activities of these catalysts in the polypropylene pyrolysis reaction were tested in a TGA apparatus. Results showed a marked reduction in the degradation temperature in the presence of aluminosilicate catalysts. The activation energy of degradation was 172 kJ=mole without any catalyst. However, using the mesoporous aluminosilicate catalysts synthesized by using aluminum nitrate as the aluminum source, activation energy of the degradation reaction decreased to values of about 24-28 kJ=mole.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Acidic McM-Like Aluminosilicate Catalysts in Pyrolysis of Polypropylene

Obalı

Sezgi

Doğu

2008

Chemical Engineering Communications

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“…The presence of catalyst reduced the pyrolysis temperature for achieving product conversion. Under non catalytic conditions, high temperature was required to reach a reasonable product conversion but with the presence of catalyst, the rate of reaction had been increased and eventually more liquids product could be collected [24]. More oils were collected from waste PCBs' pyrolysis of 275˚C with the presence of FCC than other catalysts at the same condition.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature On Pyrolysis Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Pyrolysis and a Pyrolysis Kinetic Study of Shredded Printed Circuit Board for Fuel Recovery

Salmiaton

Hizam

2014

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Scrap printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the most abundant wastes that can be found in the landfills in Malaysia and this disposal certainly poses serious detrimental to the environment. This research aims to investigate optimum temperature for pyrolyzing waste PCBs, find out the best catalyst to be used in accelerating PCBs' pyrolysis, select suitable ratio of catalyst to PCBs for higher oil yield and examine kinetics pyrolysis of the waste PCBs' decomposition. Operating temperatures ranged from 200 to 350 ˚C of PCB's pyrolysis were conducted with the optimum temperature obtained was 275 ˚C. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst, zeolite socony mobil-5 (ZSM-5), H-Y-type zeolite and dolomite were used to accelerate PCB's pyrolysis at 275 ˚C and FCC was identified as the best catalyst to be used. Different ratios of FCC to waste PCBs such as 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50 were applied in the pyrolysis at 275 ˚C and ratio of 10:90 was selected as the suitable ratio to be utilized for maximum yield. The kinetic study was done through thermogravimetric analysis on waste PCBs under various heating rates and different particle sizes. The GC-MS analysis revealed that compounds detected in the pyrooil have the potential to be used as fuel.

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“…Solid acid catalyst which is the common catalyst for the cracking of heavy fractions petroleum has been used for the cracking of waste plastics, which produce branched light hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons as the major product and large amount of coke [6,7]. The catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons is conducted in the gas phase and carbenium ions are assumed to be the active intermediate of the reaction [5,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Cracking of Polyolefins in the Molten PhaseBasic Study for the Process Development of Waste Plastics Liquefaction

Tani¹,

Fujimoto²

2017

JESE-B

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Abstract:The cracking of polyolefins, especially polyethylene in the molten state was effectively catalyzed by the powdery spent FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalyst which was dispersed in it. The activation energy of the catalytic cracking of polyethylene was about 74 kJ/mol. The cracked product was naphtha and middle distillate as the major product and gaseous hydrocarbon (C 1 -C 4 ) as the minor product while little heavy oil was produced. The chemical compositions of the product were: aromatic hydrocarbons, isoparaffins and branched olefins, whereas that of the non-catalyzed products were: n-olefins and n-paraffins with minor amount of dienes with increasing the process time. Additionally, the product pattern shifted from naphtha rich product to kerosene and gas-oil rich product. However, any catalytic product showed low fluid point (< -10 o C), while that of the non-catalyzed product was as high as 40 o C. Catalyst could process, more than 100 times by weight of polyethylene with fairly small amount (~ 30 wt%) of coke deposition. Spent catalyst gave higher hydrocarbons while fresh catalyst gave gaseous product as the major product. Other polyolefins such as polypropylene and polystyrene were tested on same catalyst to show that their reactivity is higher than that of polyethylene and gave the aliphatic products, alkyl benzenes and C 6 -C 9 iso-paraffins as the major product. Product pattern of the cracked product suggested that the reaction proceeded via the primary reactions making paraffins and olefins which were followed by the isomerization, secondary cracking, aromatization and hydrogen transfer which based on the carbenium ion mechanism.

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Catalytic plastics cracking for recovery of gasoline-range hydrocarbons from municipal plastic wastes

Cited by 284 publications

References 30 publications

Performance of Acidic McM-Like Aluminosilicate Catalysts in Pyrolysis of Polypropylene

Performance of Acidic McM-Like Aluminosilicate Catalysts in Pyrolysis of Polypropylene

Catalytic Pyrolysis and a Pyrolysis Kinetic Study of Shredded Printed Circuit Board for Fuel Recovery

Catalytic Cracking of Polyolefins in the Molten PhaseBasic Study for the Process Development of Waste Plastics Liquefaction

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