Catalytic Destruction of Hazardous Organics in Aqueous Wastes: Continuous Reactor System Experiments

Baker, E.G.; Sealock, L.J.; Butner, R.S.; Elliott, Douglas C.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Banns, N.G.

doi:10.1089/hwm.1989.6.87

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The use of noble metals for waterphase oxidation applications appears to be limited by their high sensitivity to poisoning. Trace contaminants formed during the oxidation of halogen-, phosphorus-, and sulfur-containing compounds, such as chlorine, chloride (Baker et al, 1989;Frish et al, 1994), or sulfur (Simonov, 1990), are generally poisonous for oxidation catalysts. There have been efforts to develop efficient catalysts that are resistant to poisoning: for example, alkali-and alkaline-earth-supported catalysts are used for the destruction of halogenated organic chemicals (Berty, 1991).…”

Section: Catalyst Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Abatement of Water Pollutants

and

Sheintuch

1998

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

395

224

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The paper reviews solid-catalyzed oxidation and reduction processes for the treatment of wastewater that contains small concentrations of toxic compounds and for which separation is not economical while biological treatment is not feasible. Specifically, the objectives are (1) to understand the interactions between catalytic materials and various pollutants, (2) to provide a database for catalyst selection, and (3) to assess the potential of these processes for commercialization. The review suggests the following well-investigated solutions: (1) Supported metal (Ru/CeO 2 , Pt/CeO 2 , and Ru/C) and metal oxides (CuO-ZnO-CoO, MnO 2 /CeO 2 , CoO/Bi 2 O 3 , and V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 ) are the most promising catalysts for the destruction of refractory organic compounds with nearly 100% selectivity to CO 2 ; (2) CoO/CeO 2 and MnO 2 /CeO 2 are the most active catalysts for ammonia oxidation at temperatures of 263-400°C; (3) activated carbon, preferably in the presence of copper ions, is an active catalyst for the oxidation of cyanides and sulfur-containing compounds; (4) catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chloroorganics and hydrodenitrification (HDN) of nitrates emerge as promising processes for wastewater treatment. To overcome mass-transfer resistance, catalysts should be constructed as fibers, cloth, or powder. Novel processes that incorporate separation at room temperature (e.g., by adsorption) and reaction at elevated temperatures are described. Suggestions for new directions of research are made.

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Section: Catalyst Deactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Abatement of Water Pollutants

and

Sheintuch

1998

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

395

224

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“…These tests led to the filing of a continuation-in-part patent appl ication in 1988. Further investigation in the CRS has shown even more promising results (Baker et al 1989b).…”

Section: Commerci A1 I Zat I Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature conversion of high-moisture biomass: Continuous reactor system results

Elliott¹,

Sealock²,

Butner³

et al. 1989

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“…The use of proper catalysts is the key to commercial applications which rely on sustained operation and must meet certain regulations. The processes discussed here have led to new approaches for converting organics feedstocks to useful products and destroying hazardous organic chemicals in water (Baker and Sealock 1988b;).…”

Section: Catalysts Types and Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature catalytic gasification of wet industrial wastes. FY 1991--1992 interim report

Elliott¹,

Neuenschwander²,

Hart³

et al. 1993

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SummaryProcess development research is continuing at Pacific Northwest Laboratory on a low-temperature, catalytic gasification system that has been demonstrated to convert organics in water (dilute or concentrated) to useful and environmentally safe gases. The system, licensed under the trade name Thermochemical Environmental Energy System (TEESa), treats a wide variety of feedstocks ranging from hazardous organics in water to waste sludges from food processing. The current research program is focused on the use of continuous-feed, tubular reactors systems for testing catalysts and feedstocks in the process. A range of catalysts have been tested, including nickel and other base metals, as well as ruthenium and other precious metals.Results of extensive testing show that feedstocks, ranging from 2% para-cresol in water to potato waste and spent grain, can be processed to > 99% reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD). The estimated residence time is about 10 min at 350°C and 21 MPa, not including about 3 min required in the preheating zone of the reactor. The liquid hourly space velocity varies from 1.0 to 4.8 L feedstocWL catalystlhr, depending on the feedstock. The product fuel gas contains from 40% up to 75 % methane, depending on the feedstock. The balance of the gas is mostly carbon dioxide with < 5 % hydrogen and usually < 1 % ethane and higher hydrocarbons. The byproduct water stream carries residual organics from 10 to 1000 mg1L COD, depending on the feedstock.

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Catalytic Destruction of Hazardous Organics in Aqueous Wastes: Continuous Reactor System Experiments

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Catalytic Abatement of Water Pollutants

Catalytic Abatement of Water Pollutants

Low-temperature conversion of high-moisture biomass: Continuous reactor system results

Low-temperature catalytic gasification of wet industrial wastes. FY 1991--1992 interim report

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