Catalase activity of IgG antibodies from the sera of healthy donors and patients with schizophrenia

Abstract

We present first evidence showing that some electrophoretically homogeneous IgGs from the sera of patients with schizophrenia (36.4%) and their Fab and F(ab)2 fragments as well as from healthy donors (33.3%) possess catalase activity. The relative catalase activity of IgGs from the sera of individual schizophrenia patients (and healthy donors) significantly varied from patient to patient, but the activity of IgGs from healthy donors is on average 15.8-fold lower than that for schizophrenia patients. After extensive dialysis of purified IgGs against EDTA chelating metal ions, the relative catalase activity of IgGs decreases on average approximately 2.5–3.7-fold; all IgGs possess metal-dependent and independent catalase activity. The addition of external Me2+ ions to dialyzed and non-dialyzed IgGs leads to a significant increase in their activity. The best activator of dialyzed and non-dialyzed IgGs is Co2+, the activation by Cu2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ ions were rare and always lower than by Co2+. Every IgG preparation demonstrates several individual sets of very well expressed pH optima in the pH range from 4.0 to 9.5. These data speak for the individual repertoire of catalase IgGs in every person and an extreme diversity of abzymes in their pH optima and activation by different metal ions. It is known that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutases, catalases, and glutathione peroxidases represent critical defense mechanisms preventing oxidative modifications of DNA, proteins, and lipids. Catalase activity of human IgGs could probably also play a major role in the protection of organisms from oxidative stress and toxic compounds.

Natural Catalytic IgGs Hydrolyzing Histones in Schizophrenia: Are They the Link between Humoral Immunity and Inflammation?

“…In this work, we discovered antibodies hydrolyzing histones from the serum of patients with schizophrenia and described their biochemical properties. Earlier, we developed a method protocol for the isolation of electrophoretically homogeneous antibodies from different biological fluids that do not contain impurities of any canonical enzymes, which was used in numerous studies [ 17 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 50 ]. Fourteen previously proposed strict criteria were used to show that antibodies obtained using this method [ 26 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] do not contain impurities of any classical enzymes [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Immune System Dysregulation and Autoimmunity in Schizophrenia: IgGs from Sera of Patients with Several Catalytic Activities

“…It was shown that some electrophoretically homogeneous IgGs (and their F(ab) and F(ab) 2 fragments) from the sera of patients with SCZ (36.4%) and from healthy donors (33.3%) possess catalase activity [122]. As in the case of the abzymes described above, it was shown that the catalase activity of all IgGs is their intrinsic property (Figure 10).…”

IgG-Dependent Dismutation of Superoxide in Patients with Different Types of Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Subjects

“…The K m and V max values were estimated using the nonlinear regression method in the Origin Pro v.8.6 program and were presented as linear transformations using a Lineweaver-Burk plot [54]. The value of K cat was determined by the formula K cat = V max /½AB, where [AB] is the total concentration of IgGs in the reaction mixture [40,42,49]. Errors in the values were within 7-15%.…”

“…Ikhmyangan et al showed that polyclonal Abs from the sera of Wistar rats possess oxidoreductase activity in the presence and absence of hydrogen hydroperoxide [37][38][39]. In addition, our recent studies conducted together with the Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (Novosibirsk, Russia) have reported catalase (CAT) activity in IgGs of patients with schizophrenia [40]. The study of the oxidoreductase activity of IgGs has not previously been conducted in patients with MS.…”

“…The stability of any abzymes to these conditions is relatively low, so their activity is significantly reduced immediately after gel filtration. It has been previously shown that activity of IgGs was restored after their neutral solutions were kept at 40°C for 1-2 weeks [40,42].…”