Castilleja and Pedicularis confirmed as telial hosts for Cronartium ribicola in whitebark pine ecosystems of Oregon and Washington

Mulvey, Robin L.; Hansen, E. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00702.x

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The ecological distributions of Ribes (Grossulariaceae) associated with limber pine in the Southern Rocky Mountains were described by Kearns et al (2008). Various species of Pedicularis and Castilleja are important telial hosts in Asia and serve as occasional telial hosts for C. ribicola in far western North America (McDonald et al 2006;Kim et al 2010;Mulvey and Hansen 2011). and R. lacustre (Pers.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of white pine blister rust to limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming, USA

et al. 2013

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Cronartium ribicola, the introduced pathogen that causes white pine blister rust (WPBR), continues to spread to additional limber pine populations in the Southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. Because WPBR can severely impact ecosystems, forecasts of its potential distribution and incidence would be useful to land managers. Site and climate data from long infested study areas in Wyoming were fit with two regression models [logistic and classification and regression trees (CART)] to determine the environmental conditions associated with the distribution of WPBR. These models were then used to map limber pine stands at risk of infestation by C. ribicola throughout Wyoming (where it has long occurred) and Colorado (where it is just becoming established). Although variables representing vegetation and landform could identify infested plots, 1-km-scale climate variables for monthly temperature and moisture were better predictors of current WPBR distribution and were available for mapping expected future distribution across the region. Of 280 485 ha where limber pine was projected to occur in Colorado, 41% was forecast by the logistic model to be at risk of infestation, and 53%, by the CART model. Of an estimated 782 229 ha in Wyoming with limber pine, the logistic model projected 61% to be at risk; CART projected 79%. Additional regression models were fit with site and climate data to predict WPBR incidence (per cent of trees infected) and intensification (incidence/age of the oldest canker). Nearly one half of the plot-to-plot variation in incidence was explained using environmental variables readily available to land managers. Although mean plot incidence increased over time, mean intensification decreased 50% per decade. This work provides managers with several tools to reduce uncertainty over the expected distribution and incidence of WPBR, but surveillance and monitoring remain prudent activities for supplementing forecasts of WPBR epidemics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of white pine blister rust to limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming, USA

et al. 2013

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“…are having an impact on limber pine (Pinus flexilis James) stands in the Rocky Mountains (Kearns and Jacobi 2007, Burns et al 2011, US Department of Agriculture [USDA] Forest Service Rocky Mountain Region 2014, Cleaver et al 2015) and are consequently affecting regeneration. C. ribicola is capable of infecting five-needle white pines in the subgenus Strobus, has a complex life cycle requiring five spore stages, and uses species of Ribes, Castilleja, and Pedicularis (McDonald et al 2006, Mulvey andHansen 2011) as alternate hosts. Infection occurs through the needles of susceptible white pines during late summer and fall under conditions of high relative humidity and causes branch and stem girdling cankers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Limber Pine Regeneration and White Pine Blister Rust in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains

Cleaver¹,

Jacobi²,

Burns³

et al. 2017

Forest Science

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Mountain pine beetle (MPB) and white pine blister rust (WPBR) cause mortality in limber pine and limber pine seedlings in Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana, USA. Seedlings can be killed rapidly by WPBR, and WPBR and bark beetles reduce cone and seed availability. In 2011 and 2012, we assessed occurrence, abundance, recent growth, and health status of limber pine seedlings in stands affected by WPBR and MPB. We determined biotic and abiotic factors influencing limber pine seedling density and terminal growth, and proportion of limber pine seedlings with WPBR. Live seedling density averaged 141 stems ha Ϫ1 and ranged from 0 to 1,935 stems ha Ϫ1 . Blister rust was the primary damage agent with 0 to 100% incidence. Diseased seedlings occurred on 30% of all plots. Seedling density was predicted by limber pine tree density, total tree density, percent ground cover as grass, and seedling height. The proportion of limber pine seedlings with WPBR was related to limber pine seedling height, cankers ha Ϫ1 , percent crown dieback of overstory, and density of trees with WPBR. Monitoring and restoration of stands, including planting on sites with adequate moisture and near objects with some overstory cover, are needed to ensure limber pine regeneration on some sites.

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“…Cronartium ribicola infects white pine hosts when there are compatible interactions between susceptible hosts, pathogenic spores (inoculum) and microclimatic conditions (Hirt, ; Mielke, ; Talley, Coley, & Kursar, ; Van Arsdel, Riker, & Patton, ). The complex life cycle of C. ribicola involves five spore stages and two hosts, white pines and deciduous alternate hosts in the genera Ribes , Pedicularis or Castilleja (Geils, Hummer, & Hunt, ; McDonald, Richardson, Zambino, Klopfenstein, & Kim, ; Mulvey & Hansen, ). Production, dissemination and germination of the five spore stages of C. ribicola require specific temperature and relative humidity/moisture conditions (Supporting Information Table S1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of white pine blister rust on limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming

et al. 2018

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Cronartium ribicola is a non‐native, heteroecious, fungal pathogen that causes white pine blister rust (WPBR) on all white pines, including Pinus flexilis James (limber pine). The pathogen continues to move southwards and eastwards in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming on populations of limber pine. We examined the progression and intensification of WPBR on limber pine in recently invaded areas (<40 years) by combining historical accounts of disease occurrence with recent large‐scale monitoring projects to describe the epidemic in this region. Using epidemiological information, we provide spread rate, disease incidence, disease rate increase, severity, infection density, disease intensity, frequency of infection events and mortality for this pathosystem across 27 study areas in Wyoming and Colorado. Over the past four decades, WPBR spread through Wyoming and Colorado at 7.7–10.6 km/year. Epidemiological parameters varied both within and between mountain ranges. Sites were classified into four epidemic types defined by length of time the pathogen has been present and disease incidence. Disease rate increase (increase in per cent disease incidence per year) ranged from 0% year−1 to 3.2% year−1 and varied depending on temporal scale. Average disease severity was 4.1 cankers per infected tree, and disease intensity (disease incidence × severity) averaged 112. Infection episodes occurred fairly consistently at 1‐ to 3‐year intervals at most sites, and by 2012, WPBR caused mortality of >2.5% of all limber pine trees (>1.37 m tall) surveyed. Future monitoring and restoration activities may use epidemiological information to prioritize sites for management actions in conjunction with other published models and monitoring data.

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Castilleja and Pedicularis confirmed as telial hosts for Cronartium ribicola in whitebark pine ecosystems of Oregon and Washington

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Risk of white pine blister rust to limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming, USA

Risk of white pine blister rust to limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming, USA

Limber Pine Regeneration and White Pine Blister Rust in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains

Epidemiology of white pine blister rust on limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming

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