Cardiovascular risk factors: differences between ethnic groups

Toledo, Noeli das Neves; Almeida, Gilsirene Scantelbury de; Matos, Miharu Maguinoria Matsuura; Balieiro, Antônio Alcirley da Silva; Martin, Luís Cuadrado; Franco, Roberto Jorge da Silva; Mainbourg, Evelyne Marie Therese

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0918

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The social vulnerability and low schooling found among the Munduruku under study were similar to those of other ethnic groups, which also showed the direct impact of the social and economic determinants on the mechanisms and distribution of diseases, including cardiovascular ones ( 5 , 29 ) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people

Sombra

Gomes

Sousa

et al. 2021

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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Objective: to identify the risk factors associated with prehypertension and arterial hypertension among Munduruku indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out with 459 Munduruku indigenous people selected by means of stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic variables, habits and lifestyles, anthropometric data, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were evaluated. An automatic device calibrated and validated to measure blood pressure was used. The analyses of the data collected were carried out in the R software, version 3.5.1. For continuous variables, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used; for the categorical ones, Fischer’s Exact. The significance level was set at 5% and p-value≤0.05. Results: the prevalence of altered blood pressure levels was 10.2% for values suggestive of hypertension and 4.1% for pre-hypertension. The risk of prehypertension among indigenous people was associated with being male (OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.65-4.21) and having a substantially increased waist circumference (OR=7.82; 95% CI=1.80-34.04). Regarding the risk for arterial hypertension, it was associated with age (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.12), with increased waist circumference (OR=3.89; 95% CI=1.43-10, 54) and with substantially increased waist circumference (OR=5.46; 95% CI=1.78-16.75). Conclusion: among Munduruku indigenous people, men were more vulnerable to developing hypertension; age and increased waist circumference proved to be strong cardiovascular risk factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people

Sombra

Gomes

Sousa

et al. 2021

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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“…[100][101][102][103] Most studies in the United Kingdom also report a higher prevalence in Black and South Asian adults than White adults. [106][107][108] Studies from other countries, including both developed [109][110][111] and developing countries, [112][113][114][115][116] have generally found that ethnic/racial minorities have higher levels of prevalent hypertension than the majority population.…”

Section: Ethnic/racial Differences Hypertension Prevalence By Ethnici...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure and Stroke: A Review of Sex- and Ethnic/Racial-Specific Attributes to the Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Raised Blood Pressure

Wang

Carcel

Woodward

et al. 2022

Stroke

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Raised blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and its particular strong association with stroke is well established. Although systolic BP increases with age in both sexes, raised BP is more prevalent in males in early adulthood, overtaken by females at middle age, consistently across all ethnicities/races. However, there are clear regional differences on when females overtake males. Higher BP among males is observed until the seventh decade of life in high-income countries, compared with almost 3 decades earlier in low- and middle-income countries. Females and males tend to have different cardiovascular disease risk profiles, and many lifestyles also influence BP and cardiovascular disease in a sex-specific manner. Although no hypertension guidelines distinguish between sexes in BP thresholds to define or treat hypertension, observational evidence suggests that in terms of stroke risk, females would benefit from lower BP thresholds to the magnitude of 10 to 20 mm Hg. More randomized evidence is needed to determine if females have greater cardiovascular benefits from lowering BP and whether optimal BP is lower in females. Since 1990, the number of people with hypertension worldwide has doubled, with most of the increase occurring in low- and-middle-income countries where the greatest population growth was also seen. Sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and South Asia have the lowest detection, treatment, and control rates. High BP has a more significant effect on the burden of stroke among Black and Asian individuals than Whites, possibly attributable to differences in lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and health system resources. Although pharmacological therapy is recommended differently in local guidelines, recommendations on lifestyle modification are often very similar (salt restriction, increased potassium intake, reducing weight and alcohol, smoking cessation). This overall enhanced understanding of the sex- and ethnic/racial-specific attributes to BP motivates further scientific discovery to develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies to prevent stroke in high-risk populations.

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“…A study that investigated cardiovascular risk factors among different ethnic groups, living in the same urban area of Manaus (Amazonas), identified that, although the prevalence of SAH among the indigenous people was lower than in white-skinned (62.5%) and brown-/ black-skinned (60.7%) individuals, that for pre-hypertension and hypertension was 28.6% among the Sateré-Mawé and 46.5% among ethnic groups from the upper Rio Negro [39].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic profile and associated factors in indigenous Munduruku, Amazonas

et al. 2021

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Objective To evaluate the glycemic profile and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical and lifestyle factors of Munduruku indigenous people. Method Cross-sectional study with a quantitative and analytical approach, a total of 459 indigenous people (57.1% men, aged 36.3 ± 14.7 years old) belonging to the Munduruku ethnic group from the Kwatá-Laranjal Indigenous Land, in Amazonas, Brazil, were selected by probabilistic sampling in all households in the four most populous villages. Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables, blood pressure levels and lipid profile were evaluated. Fasting capillary blood glucose was measured with a digital device. The associations were assessed by multinomial logistic regression, and p-values≤0.05 were considered significant. Results For pre-diabetes, prevalence was 74.3% and, for diabetes, 12.2%. The variables associated with the risk for pre-diabetes were the following: age (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.00 – 1.06) and obesity (OR = 9.69; 95% CI = 1.28 – 73.58). The positive associations indicating risk for diabetes were as follows: age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03 – 1.08), overweight (OR = 4.17; 95% CI = 1.69 – 10.32) and obesity (OR = 35.26; 95% CI = 4.12 – 302.08). Conclusions The risks associated with pre-diabetes and diabetes among the Munduruku indigenous people revealed a worrying index. It is necessary to consider changes in eating habits and lifestyle, as well as possible environmental and social changes that can affect this and other groups, with emphasis on those who live in vulnerable conditions.

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Cardiovascular risk factors: differences between ethnic groups

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people

High blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk among Munduruku indigenous people

Blood Pressure and Stroke: A Review of Sex- and Ethnic/Racial-Specific Attributes to the Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Raised Blood Pressure

Glycemic profile and associated factors in indigenous Munduruku, Amazonas

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