Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Associated With Future Cancer

Lau, Elizabeth T.; Paniagua, Samantha M.; Liu, Elizabeth; Jovani, Manol; Li, Shawn X.; Takvorian, Katherine S.; Suthahar, Navin; Cheng, Susan; Splansky, Greta Lee; Januzzi, James L.; Wang, Thomas J.; Vasan, Ramachandran S.; Kreger, Bernard E.; Larson, Martin G.; Levy, Daniel; Boer, Rudolf A. de; Ho, Jennifer E.

doi:10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.12.003

Cited by 113 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A recent observational study has reported a significant association between the presence of traditional CVD risk factors and 10-year atherosclerotic CVD risk score and cancer. 2 A graded association between 7 lifestyle factors (smoking, physical activity, obesity, dietary intake, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar), as included by the American Heart Association in the ideal cardiovascular health definition, 3 and CVD/cancer incidence has been observed. 4,5 Experimental and clinical research has shown that common pathogenic mechanisms may explain, at least in part, the association between cardiovascular modifiable risk factors and cancer.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Fusco

Spinelli

Castello

et al. 2024

Circ J

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Growing evidence has shown a bidirectional link between the cardiologic and oncologic fields. Several investigations support the role of unhealthy behaviors as pathogenic factors of both cardiovascular disease and cancer. We report epidemiological and research findings on the pathophysiological mechanisms linking unhealthy lifestyle to cardiovascular disease and cancer. For each unhealthy behavior, we also discuss the role of preventive measures able to affect both cardiovascular disease and cancer occurrence and progression.

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Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Fusco

Spinelli

Castello

et al. 2024

Circ J

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show abstract

“…A Danish national registry study showed that patients with myocardial infarction were 14% more likely to develop cancer ( 48 ). Lau et al using the Framingham 3rd offspring cohort, reported that patients with the highest CVD risk (>20% in 10-years, calculated using the pooled cohort equation) had a 3–4 times higher risk of cancer development than those at the lowest risk (<5% in 10-years) over a 15-year follow-up ( 49 ). To confirm these findings experimentally, Meijer et al used a murine model of colon cancer and demonstrated accelerated cancer growth upon induction of myocardial infarction, and shotgun proteomics identified a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines that were associated with this phenomenon ( 50 ).…”

Section: Role Of Obesity In the Bidirectional Association Between Cardiovascular Disease And Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and the Bidirectional Risk of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases in African Americans: Disparity vs. Ancestry

Guha

Wang

Harris

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer often occur in the same individuals, in part due to the shared risk factors such as obesity. Obesity promotes adipose inflammation, which is pathogenically linked to both cardiovascular disease and cancer. Compared with Caucasians, the prevalence of obesity is significantly higher in African Americans (AA), who exhibit more pronounced inflammation and, in turn, suffer from a higher burden of CVD and cancer-related mortality. The mechanisms that underlie this association among obesity, inflammation, and the bidirectional risk of CVD and cancer, particularly in AA, remain to be determined. Socio-economic disparities such as lack of access to healthy and affordable food may promote obesity and exacerbate hypertension and other CVD risk factors in AA. In turn, the resulting pro-inflammatory milieu contributes to the higher burden of CVD and cancer in AA. Additionally, biological factors that regulate systemic inflammation may be contributory. Mutations in atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1), otherwise known as the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), confer protection against malaria. Many AAs carry a mutation in the gene encoding this receptor, resulting in loss of its expression. ACKR1 functions as a decoy chemokine receptor, thus dampening chemokine receptor activation and inflammation. Published and preliminary data in humans and mice genetically deficient in ACKR1 suggest that this common gene mutation may contribute to ethnic susceptibility to obesity-related disease, CVD, and cancer. In this narrative review, we present the evidence regarding obesity-related disparities in the bidirectional risk of CVD and cancer and also discuss the potential association of gene polymorphisms in AAs with emphasis on ACKR1.

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“…4 As a result, CVD are the leading cause of later morbidity and early mortality among chemotherapytreated cancer survivors. 5 Worsening cardiovascular risk factors also increase the risk of developing cancer in the future, 6 which may further influence increased morbidity and mortality in this patient population. In particular, anthracyclines, which are first-line chemotherapeutic agents for several common cancers (e.g., breast, prostate, lymphomas, and leukemias), have toxic effects on the CV system.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Following Anthracycline Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthracycline chemotherapy‐mediated vascular dysfunction as a model of accelerated vascular aging

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and age is by far the greatest risk factor for developing CVD. Vascular dysfunction, including endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening, is responsible for much of the increase in CVD risk with aging. A key mechanism involved in vascular dysfunction with aging is oxidative stress, which reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and induces adverse changes to the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall (e.g., elastin fragmentation/degradation, collagen deposition) and an increase in advanced glycation end products, which form crosslinks in arterial wall structural proteins. Although vascular dysfunction and CVD are most prevalent in older adults, several conditions can "accelerate" these events at any age. One such factor is chemotherapy with anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOXO), to combat common forms of cancer. Children, adolescents, and young adults treated with these chemotherapeutic agents demonstrate impaired vascular function and an increased risk of future CVD development compared with healthy age-matched controls. Anthracycline treatment also worsens vascular dysfunction in midlife (50-64 years of age) and older (65 and older) adults such that endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are greater compared to agematched controls. Collectively, these observations indicate that use of anthracycline chemotherapeutic agents induces a vascular aging-like phenotype and that the latter contributes to premature CVD in cancer survivors exposed to these agents. Here, we review the existing literature supporting these ideas, discuss potential mechanisms as well as interventions that may protect arteries from these adverse effects, identify research gaps, and make recommendations for future research.

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Associated With Future Cancer

Cited by 113 publications

References 34 publications

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Obesity and the Bidirectional Risk of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases in African Americans: Disparity vs. Ancestry

Anthracycline chemotherapy‐mediated vascular dysfunction as a model of accelerated vascular aging

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Associated With Future Cancer

Cited by 113 publications

References 34 publications

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures? ― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures? ― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Obesity and the Bidirectional Risk of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases in African Americans: Disparity vs. Ancestry

Anthracycline chemotherapy‐mediated vascular dysfunction as a model of accelerated vascular aging

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Product

Resources

About

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―

Do Pathophysiologic Mechanisms Linking Unhealthy Lifestyle to Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Imply Shared Preventive Measures?　― A Critical Narrative Review ―