Cardiovascular risk assessment using the lipid accumulation product index among primary healthcare users: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) index is an abdominal adiposity marker. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the cardiovascular risk of primary healthcare users through the LAP index and correlate it with anthropometric and biochemical indicators. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in primary care units in a city in northeastern Brazil. METHODS: The subjects responded to a structured questionnaire that contained questions about their sociodemographic condition, and then underwent an anthropometric nutritional assessment. The LAP index values were expressed as three degrees of cardiovascular risk intensity: high risk (above the 75 th percentile), moderate risk (between the 25 th and 75 th percentiles) and low risk (below the 25 th percentile). RESULTS: The median LAP index was 52.5 cm.mmol/l (range: 28.2-86.6), and there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes: 57.7 cm.mmol/l (24.5-91.1) and 49.5 cm.mmol/l (29.8-85.2) for females and males, respectively (P = 0.576). Among all the subjects, 67.2% were overweight and there was a statistically significant difference in mean LAP index between those who were and those who were not overweight. Statistically significant differences in anthropometric and biochemical markers for cardiovascular risk were observed among individuals who had higher LAP index values. There were significant correlations between the LAP index and all of the biochemical variables. CONCLUSIONS: These significant correlations between the LAP index and the traditional biochemical risk markers may be useful within conventional clinical practice, for cardiovascular risk screening in primary healthcare.

The Visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product, and plasma atherogenic index are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly

“…Studies have shown that it is significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome [8], and similar studies have been conducted on active acromegaly patients [9,10]. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is calculated based on the measurement of serum TG levels and WC [11], and has been used to predict cardiovascular risk in different disease populations (type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome) [12]. The plasma atherogenic index (PAI), is calculated using plasma TG and C levels, and studies have shown it to be an important indicator of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease [13][14][15].…”

Interaction Analysis of Lipid Accumulation Product and Family History of Diabetes on Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Risk in Population with Normotension in Eastern China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Survey

“…In addition, the identi ed cutoff value of LAP was 33.54 (sensitivity, 54.6%; speci city, 62.42%) in study population, a number of studies have found similar results. A study in northeastern Brail showed that the cutoff value of LAP index to present a higher chance of cardiovascular risk was 37.9 [49], an investigation conducted among Urumqi in China found that LAP was better than BMI to predict cardiovascular risk and the predictive accuracy was 38.41 in 215,651 adults [29]. Meanwhile, in southern Taiwan, China, Chiang et al [50] evaluated that the optimal cutoff value for the LAP index to predict diabetes was 28.4.…”

“…Body mass index (BMI) is the recommended indicator to assess and diagnose obesity [11][12], but there is increasing evidence indicating that BMI is not the ideal body fat index [13], it has limitation to differentiate fat and muscle mass and can not re ect central obesity. A research conducted in America showed that 33% of elderly adults at a normal weight de ned by BMI have pre-diabetes [14].…”

Diagnostic and Predictive Values of LAP in Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Population Older Than 65 Years

“…Kahn proposed the concept of lipid accumulation product (LAP) at the beginning of twenty-first century, and the lipid accumulation index has been used as a marker of the degree of abdominal obesity based on the ratio of waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride (TG) content [ 5 ], and it was calculated as (WC−60.6) × (TG [mmol/L]) in males and (WC−54.1) × (TG [mmol/L]) in females based on the findings from Shanghai Chinese population. In addition, LAP has been found to be also closely related to type 2 diabetes [ 6 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 7 ], hypertension [ 8 ], and ovarian syndrome [ 9 ]. LAP may be better to predict the risk of a disease according to the fat content and distribution.…”