Cardiovascular Responses of Women with Fibromyalgia to a Laboratory Stressor: Does Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Comorbidity Matter?

González, José Luís; Alonso-Fernández, Miriam; Matías-Pompa, Borja; Carretero, Isabel; Nieto-Bona, Ma Paz; López-López, Almudena

doi:10.1093/pm/pny210

Pain Medicine

2018

DOI: 10.1093/pm/pny210

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Cardiovascular Responses of Women with Fibromyalgia to a Laboratory Stressor: Does Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Comorbidity Matter?

José Luís González

Miriam Alonso-Fernández

Borja Matías-Pompa

et al.

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Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…One of the most hypothesized mechanisms by which sustained stress might affect pain is allostatic overload. According to this mechanism, high-intensity or sustained chronic stress, as occur in early traumatic experiences, would result in an allostatic overload that, over time, would deregulate the stress response system and may be the basis for both the central sensitization of the nervous system and the development of FM (Drozd et al, 2020; Kaleycheva et al, 2021) This dysregulation has been observed both on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (Bradley, 2009) and in sympathetic-adrenal medullary axes (González et al, 2019), as well as in endogenous pain modulation in response to stress (López-López et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

López-López¹,

Pacho²,

González³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: There is evidence supporting the relationship between early stress and childhood trauma and the development of fibromyalgia (FM). Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are considered a consequence of early stress. Previous research has shown their role in maintaining stress responses and their relevance in other populations with pain. The main aim of this study has been to analyze the presence of EMSs in patients with FM compared to healthy adult women. In addition, the relationship between the strength of EMSs and pain intensity was tested. Method: The total sample consisted of 167 women: 83 patients with FM and 84 healthy controls. Results: Chi-square analyses showed that the percentage of participants with clinically significant scores is higher for patients with FM in 11 of the 18 EMSs evaluated. Moreover, discriminant analyses revealed that these EMS are useful to discriminate between FM and healthy controls, classifying 74.2% of original cases. In relation to the second aim, the mean pain intensity correlated with the strength of several EMSs: approval seeking, unrelenting standards, insufficient self-control, and mistrust/abuse. Conclusions: The current study highlights that a high rate of patients with FM have clinically significant EMSs compared to healthy matched controls, as has been found in other populations with pain. Besides, this study provides initial evidence that EMSs are positively associated with the pain experienced by patients with FM, suggesting the existence of a possible association between early stress and pain. Therefore, taking EMSs into account could be of great relevance to clinicians. Clinical Impact StatementEmotional-cognitive variables and early stress have a central role in fibromyalgia (FM). One of the consequences of childhood stress is the development of a strong system of maladaptive beliefs called early maladaptive schemas (EMSs). EMSs seem to be relevant in the development of several pain problems. This is the first study analyzing EMSs in patients with FM. The results showed that participants with FM have more clinically altered EMSs than healthy people, and these EMSs are associated to pain intensity. Taking EMSs into account could be of relevance to clinicians and Young's Schema Therapy could be useful in their management.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

López-López¹,

Pacho²,

González³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

Self Cite

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Self‐blame, posttraumatic stress, and cardiovascular reactivity among sexual trauma survivors

Sinnott,

Park,

Pescatello

et al. 2024

Stress and Health

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Although trauma is closely linked with hyperarousal and cardiovascular health, little research has examined the effects of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) on cardiovascular reactivity to trauma reminders among sexual trauma survivors. One type of negative appraisal after trauma, self‐blame, is common after sexual trauma, but its relation to cardiovascular reactivity is unknown. The present study aimed to examine the influence of both PTSS and self‐blame on blood pressure and heart rate (HR) reactivity to a trauma reminder. Cardiovascular reactivity was measured before, during, and after a laboratory‐based sexual trauma reminder among 72 young adult women who have experienced sexual trauma. Higher PTSS predicted lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity during the trauma reminder. Higher levels of self‐blame predicted higher HR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity during and after the trauma reminder. Overall, these findings suggest that survivors of sexual trauma with higher levels of PTSS experience a blunting reaction of DBP when exposed to trauma reminders, as opposed to a more typical cardiovascular stress reaction that may elevate and then extinguish to baseline levels. Meanwhile, individuals with higher levels of self‐blame have heightened cardiovascular SBP and HR responses during trauma reminders that do not return to baseline levels, perhaps due to self‐blame leading individuals to be more ‘on guard’ to prevent future threats. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the potential long‐term cardiovascular impacts of heightened self‐blame and PTSS and their associated cardiovascular reactivity patterns.

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Symptom management and lifestyle interventions for people with fibromyalgia

Brown,

Nelson

2024

Advanced Exercise and Health Science

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Cardiovascular Responses of Women with Fibromyalgia to a Laboratory Stressor: Does Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Comorbidity Matter?

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

Self‐blame, posttraumatic stress, and cardiovascular reactivity among sexual trauma survivors

Symptom management and lifestyle interventions for people with fibromyalgia

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