Cardioprotective profiling of syzygium cumini: evidence in experimental model of ischemic injury

Abstract

Syzygium cumini is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat cardiometabolic disorders. This study proposed to evaluate the cardiopreventive effect of the hydroalcoholic extract from the S. cumini leaves (HESc) on ischemic injury isoproterenol (ISO)-induced in rats. Male albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were pre-treated with HESc or water for 15 days. They received a challenge with ISO (85 mg/kg) on the 14th and 15th days for induction of ischemic injury. For all animals were obtained electrocardiographic parameters predictive of the lesion in addition to evaluation of troponin I changes in animals. We also realized a phytochemical screening, and in vitro antioxidant activity including 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. HESc was found to be rich in flavonoids, and high antioxidant potential. Addictionaly, increased the survival rate and reversed ventricular remodeling caused by isoproterenol-induced ischemic injury in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of ST segment elevation, impairmentf QT interval prolongation, reduction of Troponin I levels also were observed in animals pretreated with HESc. Our results suggest that pretreatment with HESc reduces myocardial injury and simple phenols and flavonols are likely to be responsible for its effect on cardiomyocyte integrity, confirming that S. cumini is a promising plant source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of ischemic syndromes.