Cardinal roles of miRNA in cardiac development and disease

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are emerging as pivotal modulators in virtually all aspects of cardiac biology, from cardiac development to cardiomyocyte survival and hypertrophy. The miRNA profiling, following gain-and loss-of-function studies using in vitro and in vivo models, has identified wide-ranging functions for miRNAs in the heart, providing new perspectives on their contributions to cardiac pathogenesis, and revealing potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. This review summarizes current progress in regulation of miRNAs in heart development and disease. miRNA, cardiac, development, disease Citation:Feng Y L, Yu X Y. Cardinal roles of miRNA in cardiac development and disease.

MicroRNA in aqueous humor from patients with cataract

“…miRNAs are expressed in various cell types including ocular cells such as retinal pigment epithelial cells (Kutty et al, 2010) and have also been detected in several body fluids including serum, saliva, urine, and tears . miRNAs have been implicated in various pathological conditions such as cancer (Ju, 2010;Stallings, 2009;Terrile et al, 2011), cardiac diseases (Belevych et al, 2011;Feng and Yu, 2012), and diabetes (Bang-Berthelsen et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2011) and have been used as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of these diseases (Feng and Yu, 2012;Ryan and Atreya, 2011;Zhao et al, 2011). miRNAs regulate gene expression at the translational and post-transcriptional levels by binding to specific messenger RNA (mRNA) targets, leading to translational repression or cleavage of these mRNAs (Bartel, 2004).…”

Regulation network and expression profiles of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNAs and their potential target host genes in nasopharyngeal carcinomas

“…This binding impairs translation and inhibits the expression of target genes in a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-like manner [1618]. miRNAs are involved in regulating a broad range of biological processes [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], such as signal transduction pathways that are often dysregulated in cancers [2629].…”

Regulation of innate receptor pathways by microRNAs

“…Future studies will illuminate the link between changes in miRNA levels and the onset of human inflammatory diseases. It is hoped this will lead to using miRNAs in diagnostics and therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity, and cancers [74,75].…”