Cardaic Surgery; Risk Factors of Delayed Extubation

Abstract

ABSTRACT… Objectives:To identify the risk factors of delayed extubation after cardiac surgery. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Cardiac surgery in CPE Institute of Cardiology. Period: 2 months from November-2016 to March-2017. Methods: Eighty-one (81) patients who underwent cardiac surgery. In ICU we recorded extubation time of all patients. Patients with extubation time <6 hours after labelled as early extubation group and those with extubation time >6 hours were labelled as delayed extubation group. We recorded their preoperative risk factors and operative variables of surgery to identify the risk factors that leads to late extubation after cardiac surgery (CS). Results: Prevalence of diabetes was significantly high in patients with delayed extubation. There were 42.3% diabetic patients with delayed extubation and only 12.7% diabetic patients with early extubation (p-value 0.003). Total pump time, cross clamp time and type of operation were similar between the groups. Cardiovascular instability was the most common cause of delayed extubation that occurred in 9 patients, reduced level of consciousness in 9 patients, post-op bleeding in 6 patients, while hypoxemia and increased respiratory rate occurred in 1, 1 patient respectively. Conclusion: Diabetes Mellitus is an independent risk factor of delayed extubation after cardiac surgery. Cardiovascular instability, reduced level of consciousness and post-operative bleeding after surgery are the main factors that leads to delayed extubation after CS.