Carbonate apatite bone replacement: learn from the bone

Ishikawa, Kunio

doi:10.2109/jcersj2.19042

Cited by 60 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The CAp coatings enhanced the ALP expression level from osteoblast cells comparable to the HAp coating as shown in Figure 9(a). An increase of ALP expression of osteoblast cells is generally accompanied by an increase of the expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers such as type I collagen, osteopontin and osteocalcin on CAp, sintered HAp, Ti and zirconia surfaces [21,36,37]. With an increase of culture period, calcium phosphate particles with a diameter of several micrometers increased on the CAp-and HAp-coated surfaces (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Cap Coating On Bone Formation Ability Of Osteoblastsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The degradation of the CAp coatings in the acidified microenvironment formed by osteoclasts should have allowed the access of acidified fluid to substrate WE43, leading to the corrosion localized under the cell bodies. Since HAp shows much lower solubility than CAp at pH 3-5 [21], the dissolution of the HAp coating did not occur under the cell bodies. It is thus demonstrated that the CAp coatings formed on WE43 can be degraded by microenvironmental acidification in the osteoclastic resorption mechanism.…”

Section: Osteoclastic Resorption Of Cap Coatings and Its Effect On Camentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone apatite contains carbonate groups substituting phosphate and/or hydroxyl groups of apatite structure, so that the chemical structure of bone apatite could be expressed as Ca 10-a (PO 4 ) 6-b (CO 3 ) c (OH) 2-d if trace elements with the content of less than 1 wt % are neglected [ 19 ]. Aiming to replace the artificial bone with new bone, carbonate apatite (CAp) (alternate name: carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite, carbonate-substituted apatite) artificial bone was developed and showed the degradation in bone by osteoclast cells (bone resorption) [ 17 , 19 – 21 ]. On the other hand, the chemical solubility of CAp is not significantly higher than that of HAp at pH 7.5 [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aiming to replace the artificial bone with new bone, carbonate apatite (CAp) (alternate name: carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite, carbonate-substituted apatite) artificial bone was developed and showed the degradation in bone by osteoclast cells (bone resorption) [ 17 , 19 – 21 ]. On the other hand, the chemical solubility of CAp is not significantly higher than that of HAp at pH 7.5 [ 21 ]. The low solubility and osteoclastic resorption property of CAp should be advantageous for CAp coatings to achieve both good corrosion-control ability and resorption by osteoclast cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteoclast and osteoblast responsive carbonate apatite coatings for biodegradable magnesium alloys

Hiromoto

Itoh

Noda

et al. 2020

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Corrosion-control coatings which can enhance bone formation and be completely replaced by bone are attractive for biodegradable Mg alloys. Carbonate apatite (CAp) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were formed on Mg-4 wt% Y-3 wt% rare earth (WE43) alloy as a corrosioncontrol and bioabsorbable coating in the coating solution with various concentrations of NaHCO 3. The incorporation of carbonate group in apatite structure was examined using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Rat osteoclast precursor and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were cultured on the CAp-and HAp-coated WE43 to examine the osteoclastic resorption and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. Mg ions in the used medium were quantified to examine the corrosion-control ability. The NaHCO 3 addition in the solution resulted in the formation of B-type CAp in which the phosphate group of apatite structure was substituted with the carbonate group. The osteoclastic resorption was observed only for the CAp coatings as the cracking of the coatings and the corrosion of substrate WE43 strongly localized under osteoclast cell bodies. The CAp and HAp coatings significantly enhanced the ALP activity of osteoblasts. The CAp-coated WE43 specimens showed 1/5 smaller amount of Mg ion release than the uncoated WE43 on the first day of culturing osteoblasts. For the subsequent 22 days, the Mg ion release was reduced to 1/2 by the CAp coatings. In the presence of osteoclasts, the CAp coatings showed slightly lower corrosion protectiveness than the HAp coating. It was demonstrated that the CAp coatings can be a bioabsorbable and corrosion-control coating for biodegradable Mg alloys.

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Section: Effect Of Cap Coating On Bone Formation Ability Of Osteoblastsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Osteoclastic Resorption Of Cap Coatings and Its Effect On Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Osteoclast and osteoblast responsive carbonate apatite coatings for biodegradable magnesium alloys

Hiromoto

Itoh

Noda

et al. 2020

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…The fabricated CO 3 Ap block thus shows properties similar to the properties of the bone. In contrast to sintered HAp, which is not resorbed by osteoclasts, CO 3 Ap blocks are resorbed by osteoclasts and they can serve as a new bone replacement [9,29,30,31]. Furthermore, CO 3 Ap blocks were found to upregulate osteoblastic differentiation and they showed a much higher osteoconductivity than HAp [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Histological Evaluation of Porous Carbonate Apatite Block from Gypsum Block Containing Spherical Phenol Resin as a Porogen

et al. 2019

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The utility of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) as a bone substitute has been demonstrated. The feasibility of fabricating macroporous CO3Ap was evaluated through a two-step dissolution–precipitation reaction using gypsum as the precursor and spherical phenol resin as the porogen. Porogen-containing gypsum was heated to burn out the porogen and to fabricate macroporous structures. Gypsum transformed into CaCO3 upon immersion in a sodium carbonate solution, while maintaining its macroporous structure. Next, CaCO3 transformed into CO3Ap upon immersion in a Na2HPO4 solution while maintaining its macroporous structure. The utility of the macroporous CO3Ap for histologically reconstructing bone defects was evaluated in rabbit femurs. After 4 weeks, a much larger bone was formed inside the macroporous CO3Ap than that inside non-macroporous CO3Ap and macroporous hydroxyapatite (HAp). A larger amount of bone was observed inside non-macroporous CO3Ap than inside macroporous HAp. The bone defects were completely reconstructed within 12 weeks using macroporous CO3Ap. In conclusion, macroporous CO3Ap has good potential as an ideal bone substitute.

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Rapid Osseointegration Bestowed by Carbonate Apatite Coating of Rough Titanium

Shi

Hayashi

Ishikawa

2020

Adv Materials Inter

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as an effective method to obtain higher success rates for implantation. [4,5] Another effective method is the coating of Ti implants with bioactive materials. [6] Hydroxyapatite [HAp, Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 ] is a representative bioactive material, with a composition similar to that of human bone mineral. [7,8] Therefore, HAp coating of Ti implants has been studied for decades. [9-13] However, recent studies have revealed that the effectiveness of HAp coating is limited since poor adhesion and low resorbability of the HAp coating cause delamination upon prostheses and consequently generate osteolysis and aseptic loosening. [14-16] Furthermore, the debris and particles generated via of wear of HAp coatings have been described to induce cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. [17,18] Hence, these issues are associated with a high risk of implant failure. The coating of Ti implants with natural bone mineral, i.e., carbonate apatite [CO 3 Ap, Ca 10−a (PO 4) 6−b (CO 3) c ], may resolve the abovementioned challenges faced with HAp coatings as CO 3 Ap has higher osteoconductivity than HAp. [19-21] Furthermore, CO 3 Ap can be replaced by bone in coordination with bone remodeling, whereas HAp is poorly resorbed and remains at the implantation site for more than 10 years. [22-24] Additionally, a proportionate amount of calcium and phosphorus ions released from CO 3 Ap by osteoclastic resorption may promote osteoblastic differentiation. [20,22,25-27] Thus, CO 3 Ap coating is expected to be effective for rapid osseointegration. However, the effectiveness of CO 3 Ap coating has not yet been demonstrated as the coating of Ti implants with CO 3 Ap cannot be achieved by conventional methods, such as spray coating and spin coating, since CO 3 Ap is decomposed by heat treatment. [28] Nevertheless, a fundamental technique has been developed herein to fabricate CO 3 Ap by dissolution-precipitation reactions using calcium carbonate (e.g., calcite) blocks and granules as precursors, while maintaining the precursor shape. [19,21,29,30] Thus, calcite coating of Ti implants is considered to be foundational for effective CO 3 Ap coating. The present research group previously succeeded in robust coating of a rough-Ti substrate with calcite. [31,32] Hence, exploiting the calcite coating as a precursor for dissolutionprecipitation reactions may be favorable for achieving robust CO 3 Ap coating of rough-Ti. Herein, CO 3 Ap-coated rough-Ti (CO 3 Ap-Ti) substrates, with strong adhesive strength between Titanium (Ti) implants that realize rapid osseointegration are required for favorable outcomes. Rough implant surfaces favor osseointegration, hence, coating implants with natural bone mineral, i.e., carbonate apatite (CO 3 Ap), may be effective for osseointegration. To achieve rapid osseointegration, rough-Ti substrates are coated with CO 3 Ap (CO 3 Ap-Ti) and the effects are evaluated in vitro and in vivo. For comparison, rough-Ti without coating (rough-Ti) and calcite-coated rough-Ti (calcite-Ti) substrates are fabricated. The adhesive strengths of ca...

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Carbonate apatite bone replacement: learn from the bone

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Osteoclast and osteoblast responsive carbonate apatite coatings for biodegradable magnesium alloys

Osteoclast and osteoblast responsive carbonate apatite coatings for biodegradable magnesium alloys

Fabrication and Histological Evaluation of Porous Carbonate Apatite Block from Gypsum Block Containing Spherical Phenol Resin as a Porogen

Rapid Osseointegration Bestowed by Carbonate Apatite Coating of Rough Titanium

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