Carbon Stocks of Coastal Wetland Ecosystems
on Hainan Island, China

Gao, Tianlun; Dongjing, Ding; Guan, Wei; Liao, Baowen

doi:10.15244/pjoes/76501

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The number of samples (sites × layers) References 38 sites Gao et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2017;Xiong et al, 2018;Xin et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2015;Gao et al, 2018;Fu et al, 2021 Hong (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and lignin phenols. The other part was air-dried at room temperature in the shade.…”

Section: Main Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage, patterns and influencing factors for soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands of China

Xia

Song

Zwieten

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) in coastal wetlands, also known as "blue C," is an essential component of the global C cycles. To gain a detailed insight into blue C storage and controlling factors, we studied 142 sites across ca. 5000 km of coastal wetlands, covering temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates in China. The wetlands represented six vegetation types (Phragmites australis, mixed of P. australis and Suaeda, single Suaeda, Spartina alterniflora, mangrove [Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina], tidal flat) and three vegetation types invaded by S. alterniflora (P. australis, K. obovata, A. marina). Our results revealed large spatial heterogeneity in SOC density of the top 1-m ranging 40-200 Mg C ha −1 , with higher values in mid-latitude regions (25-30° N) compared with those in both low-(20°N) and high-latitude (38-40°N) regions.Vegetation type influenced SOC density, with P. australis and S. alterniflora having the largest SOC density, followed by mangrove, mixed P. australis and Suaeda, single Suaeda and tidal flat. SOC density increased by 6.25 Mg ha −1 following S. alterniflora invasion into P. australis community but decreased by 28.56 and 8.17 Mg ha −1 following invasion into K. obovata and A. marina communities. Based on field measurements Liaoning 97.47 0-40 54.34 ± 12.51 Liao River Delta (LRD)

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Section: Main Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage, patterns and influencing factors for soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands of China

Xia

Song

Zwieten

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…Previous plot‐based studies have laid a foundation for understanding the distribution patterns of mangrove carbon stocks (Gao et al, 2018; Meng et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2020). Nevertheless, most areas within Hainan mangrove nature reserves are difficult to reach, and the fringe and fragmented distribution of mangroves are easily overlooked, which might cause overestimates or underestimates of carbon stocks from traditional surveys on a few plots (Wang et al, 2019; Xin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a previous study reported that the carbon concentration of the BGB in tropical forests was 36–42% (Jaramillo et al, 2003). Thus, the carbon concentration ratio was .48 for the above‐ground component of the mangrove and .39 for the below‐ground component, as used in other studies (e.g., Cooray et al, 2021; Gao et al, 2018; Kauffman & Donato, 2012; Rao et al, 2021). The BGC contains the mangrove root system and soil carbon stock (i.e., AGC = AGB carbon, and BGC = BGB carbon + soil carbon) (Kauffman & Donato, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, field surveys are applied to investigate mangrove carbon stocks. Although this method can accurately reflect and acquire valuable carbon stock data at the plot scale, its application to large‐scale estimation is hindered because the acquisition of mangrove field survey data is costly and time‐consuming (Gao et al, 2018; Kristensen et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2019). Although sediment carbon accounts for a large proportion of the mangrove ecosystem carbon stocks, the literature mainly focuses on above‐ground components and largely ignores below‐ground components (Castillo et al, 2017; Hu et al, 2020; Pham et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial patterns and driving factors of carbon stocks in mangrove forests on Hainan Island, China

Gou

Bai

Moreno‐Mateos

et al. 2022

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim Mangrove forests are important coastal wetlands for the blue carbon budget and play a significant role in mitigating global climate change. However, spatial patterns of carbon stocks in mangrove forests on an island scale have not been quantified owing to methodological limitations and lack of understanding of controlling factors. We took the entire Hainan Island as a case study and aimed to carry out a comprehensive investigation of the spatial patterns and driving factors of carbon stocks in mangrove forests. Location Southern China. Time period 2017–2020. Major taxa studied Mangrove forest. Methods The upscaling method combined with field surveys and Sentinel‐2 imagery analysis were used to compare different models for optimization of mangrove ecosystem carbon stock estimations. We also used structural equation modelling (SEM) to evaluate the factors driving the distributional patterns of mangrove carbon stocks on an island scale. Results The current total mangrove carbon stock of the entire Hainan Island was estimated to be 703,181 Mg C (with a mean density of 192 Mg C/ha), with the above‐ and below‐ground carbon stocks averaging at 44.7 and 147.3 Mg C/ha, respectively. The mangrove carbon storage in the north‐eastern region of the island was the highest and in the west region the lowest. Sediment nitrogen content and plant species diversity had the most positive driving effects on the distribution of total carbon stock for Hainan Island mangroves. Main conclusions The combination of field surveys and Sentinel‐2 imagery analysis can be applied to regional‐scale estimations of carbon stocks for mangrove forests. Spatial pattens of mangrove carbon stocks vary among locations on Hainan Island, and soil nutrient (especially nitrogen) availability is the dominant factor regulating carbon stock variations along the land‐to‐sea gradient. Our findings have significant implications for better understanding the distribution of mangrove carbon stocks and quantification of the global blue carbon budget.

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“…Hainan, the second largest island of China, is the youngest coastal province with an area of 33,900 km 2 and 1,823 km of coastline. This island has a tropical monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 25.7°C, and is famous for its rainforests and marine ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs (Gao et al, 2018). Mangroves and seagrasses are two of the main kinds of coastal blue carbon ecosystems in Hainan, the biodiversity of which ranks top in China (Chen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating coastal blue carbon into subnational greenhouse gas inventories

Zhao

Song

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The climate mitigation potential of coastal blue carbon including mangroves, seagrasses and tidal marshes have been widely recognized, and guidelines for incorporating coastal wetlands into greenhouse gas inventories released by IPCC in 2014 make it possible to bring coastal blue carbon into multilevel climate governance regimes. However, the intricate guidelines and inadequate data block governments from accounting and reporting their coastal blue carbon in inventories. In this research, we integrated and simplified the equations and assumptions of IPCC inventory guidance on coastal wetlands, and took Hainan province of China as a case study by (1) formulating a land use change matrix from high resolution satellite imagery for the years of 2010 to 2020, (2) compiling dataset of emission factors for coastal wetlands of Hainan, and (3) estimating CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from coastal wetlands in Hainan. We reveal that the mangroves’ area increased from 4,190.7 ha in 2010 to 4,644.1 ha in 2020, with a net increase of 483.9 ha from tidal flats and aquaculture ponds. The weighted average EFAGB and EFsoil of Hainan is 61.7 MgC ha-1 and 227.4 MgC ha-1, respectively,estimated from peer-reviewed literature in both Chinese and English. The annual average net CO2 emission of mangroves of Hainan is -26974.3 MgCO2e yr-1. CO2 emission from mangrove deforestation and N2O emission from shrimp aquaculture in coastal aeras may offset the efforts of coastal wetlands conservation and restoration. Countries and sub-country regions are encouraged to bring coastal blue carbon into greenhouse gases inventories as soon as possible, and to take a bottom-up strategy to initiate the task at a local level.

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Carbon Stocks of Coastal Wetland Ecosystems on Hainan Island, China

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Storage, patterns and influencing factors for soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands of China

Storage, patterns and influencing factors for soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands of China

Spatial patterns and driving factors of carbon stocks in mangrove forests on Hainan Island, China

Incorporating coastal blue carbon into subnational greenhouse gas inventories

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