Carbon Monoxide

Catalytic Oxychlorination versus Oxybromination for Methane Functionalization

“…VPO and TiO 2 , being mildly oxidizing systems, provided selectivity to bromomethanes up to 84 and 75%, respectively. However, in MOC, they both evidenced inferior selectivity to chloromethanes and instead showed a highly selective production of CO ( S (CO) up to 96% and 90%, respectively), which is still a valuable chemical intermediate . FePO 4 , exhibited high selectivity to the desired halomethanes in both MOC, in which it was investigated for the first time, and MOB (especially below 800 K).…”

Catalytic Oxychlorination versus Oxybromination for Methane Functionalization

“…VPO and TiO 2 , being mildly oxidizing systems, provided selectivity to bromomethanes up to 84 and 75%, respectively. However, in MOC, they both evidenced inferior selectivity to chloromethanes and instead showed a highly selective production of CO ( S (CO) up to 96% and 90%, respectively), which is still a valuable chemical intermediate . FePO 4 , exhibited high selectivity to the desired halomethanes in both MOC, in which it was investigated for the first time, and MOB (especially below 800 K).…”

Upcycling the carbon emissions from the steel industry into chemicals using three metal oxide loops

“…For the corresponding rWGS case, the separation processes, H 2 -PSA and cryogenic distillation, are most prominent, emphasising the complexity of separation processes to produce a CO/CO 2 stream. 86,87 As the chemical energy of the BFG is solely responsible for driving the proposed chemical looping process, the cost of feedstock BFG forms nearly 50% of the OPEX (see Fig. 5C).…”

“…The sensitivity analysis on the CAPEX displayed in Fig. 6A, shows that for higher than expected capital expenses, significant incentives (for example, an increase of CO 2 market prices to approximately 220 EUR 2020 per tonne from 50 EUR 2020 per tonne) would be required to make the processing of the BFG competitive with conventional technologies to produce CO (steam methane reforming followed by reverse water–gas shift 87,89 ). The CAPEX of the chemical looping process is around 18% higher than that of the rWGS process and hence, its sensitivity analysis shows a steeper slope for the change in net income with change in the CAPEX.…”

Metal centers in the anaerobic microbial metabolism of CO and CO2

“…CO shares many properties with H 2 , including low solubility, strong reducing potential and high flammability. 9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself.…”

“…9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself. 7 Both gases have many industrial uses (especially CO 2 in all of its forms), and they are released to the atmosphere from many industrial applications that lead to the complete and incomplete oxidation of hydrocarbons.…”

Catalytic Oxychlorination versus Oxybromination for Methane Functionalization

“…VPO and TiO 2 , being mildly oxidizing systems, provided selectivity to bromomethanes up to 84 and 75%, respectively. However, in MOC, they both evidenced inferior selectivity to chloromethanes and instead showed a highly selective production of CO ( S (CO) up to 96% and 90%, respectively), which is still a valuable chemical intermediate . FePO 4 , exhibited high selectivity to the desired halomethanes in both MOC, in which it was investigated for the first time, and MOB (especially below 800 K).…”

Upcycling the carbon emissions from the steel industry into chemicals using three metal oxide loops

“…For the corresponding rWGS case, the separation processes, H 2 -PSA and cryogenic distillation, are most prominent, emphasising the complexity of separation processes to produce a CO/CO 2 stream. 86,87 As the chemical energy of the BFG is solely responsible for driving the proposed chemical looping process, the cost of feedstock BFG forms nearly 50% of the OPEX (see Fig. 5C).…”

“…The sensitivity analysis on the CAPEX displayed in Fig. 6A, shows that for higher than expected capital expenses, significant incentives (for example, an increase of CO 2 market prices to approximately 220 EUR 2020 per tonne from 50 EUR 2020 per tonne) would be required to make the processing of the BFG competitive with conventional technologies to produce CO (steam methane reforming followed by reverse water–gas shift 87,89 ). The CAPEX of the chemical looping process is around 18% higher than that of the rWGS process and hence, its sensitivity analysis shows a steeper slope for the change in net income with change in the CAPEX.…”

Metal centers in the anaerobic microbial metabolism of CO and CO2

“…CO shares many properties with H 2 , including low solubility, strong reducing potential and high flammability. 9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself.…”

“…9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself. 7 Both gases have many industrial uses (especially CO 2 in all of its forms), and they are released to the atmosphere from many industrial applications that lead to the complete and incomplete oxidation of hydrocarbons.…”

Catalytic Oxychlorination versus Oxybromination for Methane Functionalization

“…VPO and TiO 2 , being mildly oxidizing systems, provided selectivity to bromomethanes up to 84 and 75%, respectively. However, in MOC, they both evidenced inferior selectivity to chloromethanes and instead showed a highly selective production of CO ( S (CO) up to 96% and 90%, respectively), which is still a valuable chemical intermediate . FePO 4 , exhibited high selectivity to the desired halomethanes in both MOC, in which it was investigated for the first time, and MOB (especially below 800 K).…”

Upcycling the carbon emissions from the steel industry into chemicals using three metal oxide loops

“…For the corresponding rWGS case, the separation processes, H 2 -PSA and cryogenic distillation, are most prominent, emphasising the complexity of separation processes to produce a CO/CO 2 stream. 86,87 As the chemical energy of the BFG is solely responsible for driving the proposed chemical looping process, the cost of feedstock BFG forms nearly 50% of the OPEX (see Fig. 5C).…”

“…The sensitivity analysis on the CAPEX displayed in Fig. 6A, shows that for higher than expected capital expenses, significant incentives (for example, an increase of CO 2 market prices to approximately 220 EUR 2020 per tonne from 50 EUR 2020 per tonne) would be required to make the processing of the BFG competitive with conventional technologies to produce CO (steam methane reforming followed by reverse water–gas shift 87,89 ). The CAPEX of the chemical looping process is around 18% higher than that of the rWGS process and hence, its sensitivity analysis shows a steeper slope for the change in net income with change in the CAPEX.…”

Metal centers in the anaerobic microbial metabolism of CO and CO2

“…CO shares many properties with H 2 , including low solubility, strong reducing potential and high flammability. 9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself.…”

“…9 The solubilities of CO and CO 2 , which depend on temperature and partial pressure, are 22.66 ml kg −1 (1 mM) and 835 ml kg −1 (37.3 mM), respectively, at 20 °C and 1 atm. 7,9 In aqueous solution, CO 2 is in equilibrium with CO 3 2− (carbonate) and HCO 3 − (bicarbonate), which are even more soluble than CO 2 itself. 7 Both gases have many industrial uses (especially CO 2 in all of its forms), and they are released to the atmosphere from many industrial applications that lead to the complete and incomplete oxidation of hydrocarbons.…”