Carbon Cycling in Soil

Johnston, Carol A.; Groffman, Peter M.; Breshears, David D.; Cardon, Zoë G.; Currie, William S.; Emanuel, William R.; Gaudinski, J. B.; Jackson, Robert B.; Lajtha, Kate; Nadelhoffer, Knute J.; Nelson, David L.; Post, W. Mac; Retallack, Gregory J.; Wielopolski, Lucian

doi:10.2307/3868382

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Soil is the largest carbon pool in the terrestrial biosphere, and hence minor changes in SOC storage could have significant impacts on atmospheric CO 2 concentration (Johnston et al 2004). Accurate estimate of SOC storage is required to assess the role of soil in the global carbon cycle, particularly the effect of soil on atmospheric composition (Garnett et al 2001).…”

Section: Soc Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil is the largest organic carbon reservoir in terrestrial biosphere, containing more carbon than vegetation and the atmosphere (Schlesinger 1997), and thus plays a crucial role in the terrestrial carbon cycle (Johnston et al 2004). Although a number of studies on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage have been reported (Post et al 1982;Batjes 1996;Jobbá gy and Jackson 2000;Bellamy et al 2005;Liu et al 2006), its density, regional patterns and environmental controls remain to be a large source of uncertainties in understanding the global carbon cycle (Torn et al 1997;Jobbá gy and Jackson 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storage, patterns and environmental controls of soil organic carbon in China

et al. 2007

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Based on the data from China's second national soil survey and field observations in northwest China, we estimated soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in China and investigated its spatial and vertical distribution. China's SOC storage in a depth of 1 meter was estimated as 69.1 Pg (10 15 g), with an average density of 7.8 kg m -2 . About 48% of the storage was concentrated in the top 30 cm. The SOC density decreased from the southeast to the northwest, and increased from arid to semi-humid zone in northern China and from tropical to cold-temperate zone in the eastern part of the country. The vertical distribution of SOC differed in various climatic zones and biomes; SOC distributed deeper in arid climate and water-limited biomes than in humid climate. An analysis of general linear model suggested that climate, vegetation, and soil texture significantly influenced spatial pattern of SOC, explaining 78.2% of the total variance, and that climate and vegetation interpreted 78.9% of the total variance in the vertical SOC distribution.

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Section: Soc Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage, patterns and environmental controls of soil organic carbon in China

et al. 2007

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“…The presence of earthworms in temperate, hardwood forests may accelerate decomposition of forest litter, which potentially reduces habitat for forest-floor animals, simplifies soil structure (e.g., soil compaction, nutrient leaching, and increased soil erosion), and affects carbon and nitrogen cycles (Addison 2009;Johnston et al 2004;Suárez et al 2006). In Minnesota, for example, forests with invasive earthworms experience a decrease in forest litter, with the leading edges of invasion undergoing a rapid decline in forest litter thickness (Hale et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Dimensions of Earthworm Invasion in the Adirondack State Park

Seidl

Klepeis

2011

Hum Ecol

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The invasion of exotic earthworms in the Northern Forest of the United States alters carbon and nitrogen cycles and reduces forest litter and native plant cover. Humans are the principal agents of dispersal, spreading earthworms both inadvertently via horticulture, land disturbance, and in the tires and underbodies of vehicles, and voluntarily through composting and the improper disposal of fish bait. A study in Webb, NY-a town located within the Adirondack State Park, one of the most celebrated cultural and ecological regions in the US-exposes the human dimensions of earthworm invasion. Environmental history research, interviews with residents and bait sellers, and a mail survey of town residents show that positive attitudes towards earthworms and their ecological effects lead to casual disposal or use of them. Earthworm use is a strong cultural practice and the risk of their continued introduction in the Adirondacks is high.

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“…Previous studies have focused on identifying the main factors driving R S under natural conditions, and the effects of management on belowground characteristics and R S . We have learned that R S is influenced by complex interactions among physical (e.g., soil temperature and moisture; Lloyd and Taylor, 1994;Rustad et al, 2000), chemical (e.g., soil pH, soil carbon content, and nutrient availability; Ekblad and Nordgren, 2002;Savin et al, 2001), and biological (e.g., type and activity of soil microorganisms, fine root biomass, and vegetation types; Johnston et al, 2004) factors. Among those factors, soil temperature and moisture were traditionally considered to be the most important factors influencing soil respiration, but recent studies suggest that influence of other factors (e.g., litter depth) could overrule their effect in natural (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mechanical thinning and/or prescribed burning (Pussinen et al, 2002;Pypker and Fredeen, 2002;Reichstein et al, 2003;Johnston et al, 2004). Previous studies have focused on identifying the main factors driving R S under natural conditions, and the effects of management on belowground characteristics and R S .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%