Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Abstract

This review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, 9. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the Review.

Severe Acute Malnutrition in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants

“…[22][23][24] Human milk may also be fortified with preterm formula or other modular supplements. [25][26][27] In our experience, many VLBW infants do not tolerate human milk fortified with preterm formula very well. This may be due to the osmolarity of the feed, so we prefer to give alternate feeds of human milk and preterm formula when it is available.…”

Severe Acute Malnutrition in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants

“…[22][23][24] Human milk may also be fortified with preterm formula or other modular supplements. [25][26][27] In our experience, many VLBW infants do not tolerate human milk fortified with preterm formula very well. This may be due to the osmolarity of the feed, so we prefer to give alternate feeds of human milk and preterm formula when it is available.…”

Protein Content and Fortification of Human Milk Influence Gastroesophageal Reflux in Preterm Infants

“…Human milk fortification is a common practice for feeding preterm infants, and it is recommended that their energy and protein requirements be met (5). However, despite the widespread use of HM fortifiers, little is known about their effect on gastrointestinal function.…”

The corrected blood urea nitrogen predicts the developmental quotient of extremely low-birth-weight infants at the corrected age of 36 months

“…However, we would argue that a low [Note: Please check the change.] CBUN value reflects inadequate rather than an excessive dietary protein intake as suggested by the systematic review of the Cochrane library [27] and Lucas et al [3]. ELBW infants are prone to suffer from malnutrition due to their rapid growth and the risk of illness, and it is important to evaluate the nutritional state with reference to the physiological parameters.…”

Severe Acute Malnutrition in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants

“…[22][23][24] Human milk may also be fortified with preterm formula or other modular supplements. [25][26][27] In our experience, many VLBW infants do not tolerate human milk fortified with preterm formula very well. This may be due to the osmolarity of the feed, so we prefer to give alternate feeds of human milk and preterm formula when it is available.…”

Protein Content and Fortification of Human Milk Influence Gastroesophageal Reflux in Preterm Infants

“…Human milk fortification is a common practice for feeding preterm infants, and it is recommended that their energy and protein requirements be met (5). However, despite the widespread use of HM fortifiers, little is known about their effect on gastrointestinal function.…”

The corrected blood urea nitrogen predicts the developmental quotient of extremely low-birth-weight infants at the corrected age of 36 months

“…However, we would argue that a low [Note: Please check the change.] CBUN value reflects inadequate rather than an excessive dietary protein intake as suggested by the systematic review of the Cochrane library [27] and Lucas et al [3]. ELBW infants are prone to suffer from malnutrition due to their rapid growth and the risk of illness, and it is important to evaluate the nutritional state with reference to the physiological parameters.…”

Severe Acute Malnutrition in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants

“…[22][23][24] Human milk may also be fortified with preterm formula or other modular supplements. [25][26][27] In our experience, many VLBW infants do not tolerate human milk fortified with preterm formula very well. This may be due to the osmolarity of the feed, so we prefer to give alternate feeds of human milk and preterm formula when it is available.…”

Protein Content and Fortification of Human Milk Influence Gastroesophageal Reflux in Preterm Infants

“…Human milk fortification is a common practice for feeding preterm infants, and it is recommended that their energy and protein requirements be met (5). However, despite the widespread use of HM fortifiers, little is known about their effect on gastrointestinal function.…”

The corrected blood urea nitrogen predicts the developmental quotient of extremely low-birth-weight infants at the corrected age of 36 months

“…However, we would argue that a low [Note: Please check the change.] CBUN value reflects inadequate rather than an excessive dietary protein intake as suggested by the systematic review of the Cochrane library [27] and Lucas et al [3]. ELBW infants are prone to suffer from malnutrition due to their rapid growth and the risk of illness, and it is important to evaluate the nutritional state with reference to the physiological parameters.…”