Carbohydrate active enzyme system in rumen fungi: a review

Abstract

Hydrolysis and dehydration reactions of carbohydrates, which are used as energy raw materials by all living things in nature, are controlled by Carbohydrate Active Enzyme (CAZy) systems. These enzymes are also used in different industrial areas today. There are different types of microorganisms that have the CAZy system and are used in the industrial sector. Apart from current organisms, there are also rumen fungi within the group of candidate microorganisms with the CAZy system. It has been reported that xylanase (EC3.2.1.8 and EC3.2.1.37) enzyme, a member of the glycoside hydrolase enzyme family obtained from Trichoderma sp. and used especially in areas such as bread, paper, and feed industry, is more synthesized in rumen fungi such as Orpinomyces sp. and Neocallimastix sp. Therefore, this study reviews Neocallimastixsp., Orpinomyces sp., Caecomyces sp., Piromyces sp., and Anaeromyces sp., registered in the CAZy and Mycocosm database for rumen fungi to have both CAZy enzyme activity and to be an alternative microorganism in the industry. Furthermore the CAZy enzyme activities of the strains are investigated. The review shows thatNeocallimax sp. and Orpinomyces sp. areconsidered as candidate microorganisms.

Nutrición animal: Texto de formación universitaria

“…La diferencia está en que los zoosporos de hongos tienen un movimiento flagelar más rápido que el de los protozoarios (Mountfort, 1987). Estos microorganismo son importantes, sobre todo, cuando los rumiantes se alimentan de pastos o forrajes lignificados, donde, por ejemplo, Neocallimastix frontalis, uno de los hongos ruminales más conocidos, gracias a su crecimiento invasivo (Hess et al, 2020) y a su poderoso sistema enzimático activo de carbohidratos (Yücel & Ekinci, 2022), tiene la capacidad para producir potentes enzimas (celulasa, xilanasa), solubilizar lignina de las paredes celulares, para que puedan acceder las bacterias y degradar celulosa.…”