Caracterização e quantificação dos danos causados por cigarrinhas adultas do gênero Mahanarva sp. (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) em Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Congio, Guilhermo Francklin de Souza

doi:10.11606/d.11.2010.tde-20102010-150906

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…However, the magnitude of these damages may be affected of the availability of growth factors 32 . These studies suggest a possible decrease in beef production owing to both decreased SR and ADG caused by lower herbage yield and nutritive value, respectively 5 . In fact, there is only one modeling study that estimated losses widely varying from 5 to 54% depending on infestation level 35 .…”

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confidence: 92%

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Congio

Almeida

Barreto

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Spittlebugs are the main pest of tropical pastures and Marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) is the most representative cultivated pasture in the tropics. Our objective was to characterize Marandu palisade grass responses subjected to Mahanarva (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) attack and to estimate the losses in terms of beef production from pasture-based systems. A set of five experiments were carried out. Three consecutive years of monitoring showed that Mahanarva spittlebugs increased their abundance after first rains with three to four peaks throughout the wet season. A decrease of 66% on herbage yield was observed in the greenhouse trial, with an average decrease of 61% on pools of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, crude protein, neutral-detergent fiber and in vitro digestible dry matter of Marandu palisade grass. Results from field experiments corroborated with greenhouse trial showing decreases on herbage yield varying from 31 to 43% depending on level of fertilization and grazing severity of Marandu palisade grass. Finally, an unprecedented 154-ha field experiment indicated that Mahanarva decreases 74% the beef productivity (i.e. kg body weight ha −1) of Nellore heifers grazing Marandu palisade grass. Brazil has the largest commercial beef cattle herd and is one of the top beef exporters in the world 1. Brazilian beef represents 20% of all global beef trading and, together with other agricultural commodities, it sums to about 21% of gross domestic product in Brazil 2. Beef cattle production in Brazil is characterized by pasture-based systems of which almost 90% of the cattle slaughtered comes from 3. However, despite highly representative, pasture-based livestock systems are extensive and conducted with low technology inputs resulting in low stocking rates (SR) and animal performance (i.e. average daily gain, ADG). Studies have reported beef production greater than 1,500 kg of body weight (BW) ha year −1 whilst the Brazilian average is much lower at about 150 kg BW ha year −14. Many factors stand out as key drivers for this poor productivity, among them: inadequate grazing management strategies, low soil fertility, and pest damage 5. The 215 million head of cattle in Brazil occupy approximately 160 million hectares composed by 70% of cultivated pasture species and 30% of native grasslands 6,7. Marandu palisade grass {Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R. D. Webster [syn. Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf]} is the most representative of the cultivated pasture species, grown in about 50 million hectares in the country 8. It was launched by Embrapa in 1984 as an alternative to signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, syn. Urochloa decumbens Stapf R.D. Webster) owing to its higher herbage yield and, mainly because of its resistance to "pasture spittlebugs" such as Notozulia entreriana (Berg, 1879), Deois flavopicta (Stål, 1854) and Deois schach (Fabricius, 1787) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) 9. However, from the mid-1990s, spittlebugs from the genus Mahanarva have been r...

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mentioning

confidence: 92%

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Congio

Almeida

Barreto

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Among the most important insect pests associated with the pastures are spittlebugs. The attack of these insects occurs mainly in the rainy season of the year, which causes a fall in the production of forage, precisely in the period of high demand by cattle; thus, it thoroughly damages the chains of beef and milk production [3,4]. According to Thompson [5], damage by spittlebugs on pastures generates losses of up to the USD 2.1 billion per year worldwide.…”

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confidence: 99%

Olfactory Response of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) to Volatile Aqueous Extracts of Plant Origin Applied to Elephant Grass Plants (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

2021

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In this study, we evaluate the olfactory responses of Mahanarva spectabilis adults to aqueous extracts from the following non-host plants for the pest insect: garlic (Allium sativum L.), rue (Ruta graveolens L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) applied to the host plant, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.). The bioassays were performed using a Y olfactometer, and the combinations of the plant extracts applied to the host plant were tested against fresh air and against the host plant without the extract. The results show that the extracts of tobacco and star anise were non-attractive to M. spectabilis adults. The extracts from the remaining plants did not alter the response of M. spectabilis to the host plant.

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“…A justificativa para essa baixa produtividade e qualidade baseia-se em três fatores: estratégias inadequadas de manejo, baixa fertilidade do solo e danos causados por pragas (CONGIO, 2010). Dentre as pragas comumente referidas, recebe grande destaque a cigarrinhadas-pastagens.…”

Section: Pecuária No Brasil E O Problema Das Pastagensunclassified

Análise de componentes moleculares da espuma e da toxina presente na glândula salivar de cigarrinha das pastagens

Rinaldi¹

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Mahanarva spectabilis conhecida como cigarrinha-das-pastagens é o principal inseto-praga que causa severos danos as forrageiras tropicais, comprometendo a produção bovina e também a cadeia leiteira. Os adultos das cigarrinhas atacam a planta causando danos foliares como a clorose. As ninfas, por sua vez, criaram um mecanismo de proteção eficaz contra perda de umidade, contra variações de temperaturas e contra ação de inimigos naturais que é a produção de uma espuma que o encobre. Como estes mecanismos podem ser importantes para o controle do inseto-praga, foram analisados alguns dos constituintes das glândulas salivares como agentes citotóxicos, além da constituição proteica da espuma. Análises por SDS-PAGE LC/MS identificaram a região codificadora de uma proteína de 66 kDa apresentando alta abundância relativa na espuma. A presença deste gene de origem genômica foi confirmada por PCR, e como sendo de função desconhecida pela ausência de homólogos descritos. Um metabólito presente em alta abundância na glândula salivar foi identificado com alta similaridade com a toxina de origem fúngica Citocalasina B, podendo estar envolvido na produção do sintoma de clorose nas folhas. Portanto, as caracterizações funcionais dos componentes moleculares identificados poderão ser alvo para o desenvolvimento de mecanismo de controle na interação do inseto- praga.

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Caracterização e quantificação dos danos causados por cigarrinhas adultas do gênero Mahanarva sp. (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) em Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Olfactory Response of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) to Volatile Aqueous Extracts of Plant Origin Applied to Elephant Grass Plants (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)

Análise de componentes moleculares da espuma e da toxina presente na glândula salivar de cigarrinha das pastagens

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